Skip to main content

Family Business Research in Africa: An Assessment

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Family Businesses in Sub-Saharan Africa

Abstract

This chapter reviews and assesses the literature on family businesses in Africa with special emphasis on what has been studied and what the studies tell us about the state of family business research. We conducted a content analysis of family business studies that were published in peer-reviewed journals. The findings indicate that there is low productivity of research on family businesses in Africa and that the research lacks depth in terms of the topics covered and breadth in terms of the regional/countries covered. The findings further show that there were problems with the definition of family businesses and the use of theory in the studies. However, the quality of the studies was high, as demonstrated by the methodologies used and publication outlets.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Acquaah, M. (2011a). Business strategy and competitive advantage in family businesses in Ghana: The role of social networking relationships. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 16(1), 103–126.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Acquaah, M. (2011b). Utilization and value of social networking relationships in family and nonfamily firms in an African transition economy. European Management Journal, 29, 347–361.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Acquaah, M. (2012). Social networking relationships, firm-specific managerial experience and firm performance in a transition economy: A comparative analysis of family owned and nonfamily firms. Strategic Management Journal, 33, 1215–1228.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Acquaah, M. (2013). Management control systems, business strategy and performance: A comparative analysis of family and non-family businesses in a transition economy in sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 4, 131–146.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Acquaah, M., & Eshun, J. P. (2010). A longitudinal analysis of the moderated effects of networking relationships on organizational performance in a sub-Saharan African economy. Human Relations, 63, 667–700.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Acquaah, M., Amoako-Gyampah, K., & Jayaram, J. (2011). Resilience in family and nonfamily firms: An examination of the relationships between manufacturing strategy, competitive strategy and firm performance. International Journal of Production Research, 49(18), 5527–5544.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, R. C., & Reeb, D. M. (2003). Founding-family ownership and firm performance: Evidence from the S&P 500. The Journal of Finance, 58(3), 1301–1328.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arregle, J. L., Hitt, M. A., Sirmon, D., & Very, P. (2007). The development of organizational social capital: Attributes of family firms. Journal of Management Studies, 44(1), 73–95.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bawa, N. (2006). Family-owned business in South Africa: Local enterprise responses by South African Indian family-owned business. Urban Forum, 17(2), 167–198.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bewayo, E. D. (2009). Family business in Africa: A comparison with the U.S.- Western model. Journal of Global Business Issues, 3(1), 171–181.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carmon, A. F., Miller, A. N., Raile, A. N. W., & Roers, M. M. (2010). Fusing family and firm: Employee perceptions of perceived homophily, organizational justice, organizational identification, and organizational commitment in family businesses. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 1, 210–223.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chrisman, J. J., Chua, J. H., & Litz, R. A. (2004). Comparing agency costs of family and non-family firms: Conceptual issues and exploratory evidence. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 28(4), 335–354.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chua, J. J., Chrisman, J., & Sharma, P. (1999). Defining the family business by behavior. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 23(4), 19–39.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davis, J. H., Allen, M. R., & Hayes, H. D. (2010). Is blood thicker than water? A study of stewardship perceptions in family firms. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, November: 1093–1115.

    Google Scholar 

  • Denison, D., Lief, C., & Ward, J. L. (2004). Culture in Family-Owned Enterprises: Recognizing and Leveraging Unique Strengths. Family Business Review, 17(1), 61–70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Evert, R. E., Martin, J. A., McLeod, M. S., & Payne, G. T. (2015). Empirics in family business research: Progress, challenges and the path ahead. Family Business Review, 1–27. doi:10.1177/0894486515593869.

    Google Scholar 

  • Farrington, S. M., Venter, E., Eybers, C., & Boshoff, C. (2011). Structuring effective copreneurial teams. South African Journal of Business Management, 42(3), 1–15.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gersick, K. E., Davis, J. A., Hampton, M. M., & Lansberg, I. (1997). Generation to generation: Life cycles of the family business. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gnan, L., Montemerlo, D., & Huse, M. (2015). Governance systems in family SMEs: The substitution effects between family councils and corporate governance mechanisms. Journal of Small Business Management, 53(2), 355–381.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gomez-Mejia, L. R., Cruz, C., Berrone, P., & De Castro, J. (2011). The bind that ties: Socioemotional wealth preservation in family firms. The Academy of Management Annals, 5(1), 653–707.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta, V., Levenburg, N., Moore, L., Motwani, J., & Schwarz, T. V. (2010). Family business in Sub-Saharan Africa versus the Middle East. Journal of African Business, 11(2), 146–162.

    Google Scholar 

  • Habbershon, G. T., & Williams, M. L. (1999). A resource-based framework for assessing strategic advantage of family firms. Family Business Review, 12(1), 1–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hearn, B. (2011). The performance and the effects of family control in North African IPOs. International Review of Financial Analysis, 20, 140–151.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Herman, E. (2006). Migration as a family business: The role of personal networks in the mobility phase of migration. International Migration, 44(4), 191–230.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jithoo, S. (1985). Indian family businesses in Durban, South Africa. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 16(3), 365–376.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kelly, M., Lewa, P. M., & Kamaria, K. (2008). Founder centrality, management team congruence and performance in family firms: A Kenyan context. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 13(4), 383–407.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Khanna, T., & Palepu, K. (2006). Emerging giants: Building world-class companies in developing countries. Harvard Business Review, 84(10), 60–69.

    Google Scholar 

  • Khayesi, J. N. O., George, G., & Antonakis, J. (2014). Kinship in entrepreneur networks: Performance effects of resource assembly in Africa. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 38(6), 1323–1342.

    Google Scholar 

  • Khlif, W., Karoui, L., Ingley, C., & El Manaa, W. (2016). Family contingencies and board composition: evidence from Tunisia. Journal of African Business, 17(1), 16–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Khuval, S., Bruton, G. D., & Wood, E. (2009). Informal family business in Africa. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(6), 1219–1238.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Klein, S. B., Astrachan, J., & Smyrnios, K. (2005). The F-PEC scale of family influence: Construction, validation, and further implication for theory. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 29(3), 321–340.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kritzinger, A., & Vorster, J. (1997). The conceptualization of the farm family business: Deciduous fruit farming in South Africa. Sociologia Ruralis, 37(1), 114–133.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lansberg, I. (1999). Succeeding Generations: Realizing the Dream of Families in Business. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lubatkin, M. H., Ling, Y., & Schulze, W. S. (2007). An organizational justice-based view of self-control and agency costs in family firms. Journal of Management Studies, 44(6), 955–971.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • der Merwe, V., Venter, E., & Farrington, S. M. (2012). An assessment of selected family business values in small and medium-sized family businesses. South African Journal of Business Management, 43(4), 17–31.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morck, R., & Yeung, B. (2004). Family control and the rent-seeking society. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 28(4), 391–409.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mouton, J. (2010). The state of social science in sub-Saharan Africa. In World social science report. Paris: UNESCO.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nicholson, N. (2005). Meeting the Maasai: Messages for management. Journal of Management Inquiry, 14(3), 255–267.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nkomo, S. M. (2011). Postcolonial and anti-colonial reading of ‘African’ leadership and management in organization studies: Tensions, contradictions, and possibilities. Organization: The Critical Journal of Organization, Theory, and Society, 18(3), 365–386.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Osnes, G. (2011). Succession and authority: A case study of an African family business and a clan chief. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 11(2), 185–201.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pieper, T. M., & Klein, S. B. (2007). The bulleye: A systems approach to modeling family firms. Family Business Review, 20(4), 301–319.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schulze, W. S., Lubatkin, M. H., & Dino, R. N. (2003). Toward a theory of agency and altruism in family firms. Journal of Business Venturing, 18(4), 473–490.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shankar, M. C., & Astrachan, J. H. (1996). Myths and realities: Family business’s contribution to the US economy—A framework for assessing family business statistics. Family Business Review, 9, 107–119.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma, P. (2004). An overview of the field of family business studies: Current status and directions for the future. Family Business Review, 17(1), 1–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma, P., Melin, L., & Nordqvist, M. (2014). Introduction: Scope, evolution and future of family business studies. In L. Melin, M. Nordqvist, & P. Sharma (Eds.), The sage handbook of family business (pp. 1–23). London: Sage Publications Ltd.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Sirmon, D. G., & Hitt, M. A. (2003). Managing resources: Linking unique resources, management, and wealth creation in family firms. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 27(4), 339–358.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, G. D. (2009). East Africa: Extended families with many rights. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(6), 1239–1244.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Suddaby, R. (2014). Editor’s comments: Why theory? Academy of Management Review, 39(4), 407–411.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ugwuegbu, D. (2001). The psychology of management in African organizations. Westport, CT: Quorum Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van der Merwe, S. P. (2009a). Determinants of family employee work performance and compensation in family businesses. South African Journal of Business Management, 40(1), 52–63.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van der Merwe, S. P. (2009b). An investigation of the determinants of estate and retirement planning in intergenerational family businesses. South African Journal of Business Management, 40(3), 51–63.

    Google Scholar 

  • Venter, E., Boshoff, C., & Maas, G. (2003). The influence of relational factors on successful succession in family businesses: A comparative study of owner-managers and successors. South African Journal of Business Management, 34(4), 1–13.

    Google Scholar 

  • Venter, E., Boshoff, C., & Maas, G. (2005). The influence of successor-related factors on the succession process in small and medium-sized family businesses. Family Business Review, 18(4), 283–303.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Venter, W. P., Kruger, S., & Herbst, F. J. (2007). A proposed conceptual familiness transmission of capital model. South African Journal of Business Management, 38(3), 1–14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vijverberg, W. P. M. (1992). Measuring income from family enterprises with household surveys. Small Business Economics, 4, 287–305.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Villalonga, B., & Amit, R. (2006). How do family ownership, control and management affect firm value? Journal of Financial Economics, 80(3), 385–415.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Webbink, E., Smits, J., & De Jong, E. (2011). Hidden child labor: Determinants of housework and family business work of children in 16 developing countries. World Development, 40(3), 631–642.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Welsh, D. H. B., Memili, E., Kaciak, E., & Ahmed, S. (2013). Sudanese women entrepreneurs. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 18(2), 1–18. doi:10.1142/S1084946713500131.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zellweger, T. M., & Nason, R. S. (2008). A stakeholder perspective on family firm performance. Family Business Review, 21(3), 203–216.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zellweger, T. M., Nason, R. S., Nordqvist, M., & Brush, C. G. (2011). Why do family firms strive for nonfinancial goals? An organizational identity perspective. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, May: 1–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zoogah, D. B., & Nkomo, S. M. (2013). Management research in Africa: Past, present and future. In T. R. Lituchy, B. J. Punnet, & B. B. Puplampu (Eds.), Management in Africa: Macro and micro perspectives (pp. 9–31). New York, NY: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zoogah, D. B., Peng, M. W., & Woldu, H. (2009). Management research and African organizations: A missing link no more? Paper presented at the Academy of Management Annual Meeting, Chicago, IL.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Copyright information

© 2016 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s)

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Acquaah, M., Eshun, J.P. (2016). Family Business Research in Africa: An Assessment. In: Acquaah, M. (eds) Family Businesses in Sub-Saharan Africa. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-36143-1_3

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics