Exploring the Resiliency, Achievement, and Academic Success of a Direct Descendant of the Prince Edward County, Virginia (1959–1964) School Lockout

  • Terence Hicks
Chapter

Abstract

In the fall of 1959, the Prince Edward County’s (PEC) public schools of Virginia were locked and chained in resistance to desegregation; and for the next five years there was no public school system. The all-White school board voted not to appropriate funds for the public schools if Black and White children were to attend together. For five years, 1959–1964, the families of 1,700 African American students were forced to cope with the absence of public schooling in the county. Their efforts led to the case, Davis v. the County School Board of Prince Edward County, which was one of the cases that were consolidated with Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas.

Keywords

Public School Academic Success Eighth Grade African American Male African American Student 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Bui, K. (2002). First-generation college students at a four-year university: Background characteristics, reasons for pursuing higher education, and first-year experiences. College Students Journal, 36, 3–11.Google Scholar
  2. Branch, T. (1988). Parting the waters: America in the King years. New York: Simon & Schuster.Google Scholar
  3. Brown Foundation for Educational Equity, Excellence and Research (January 2000). Brown v. Brown of Education Orientation Handbook Combined Brown Cases, 1951–1954. Davis vs. County School Board of Prince Edward County.Google Scholar
  4. Choy, S. (2001). Students whose parents did not go to college: Postsecondary access, persistence, and attainment (NCES 2001–126). Washington, DC: US Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics.Google Scholar
  5. Ellis, C. (2004). The ethnographic I: A methodological novel about autoethnography. Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press.Google Scholar
  6. Gates, R. (1964). The making of massive resistance. Virginia’s politics of public school desegregation, 1954–1956. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.Google Scholar
  7. Green, R. (1964). The educational status of children in a district without public schools (Cooperative Research Project No. 2321). East Lansing, MI: Bureau of Educational Research, Michigan State University.Google Scholar
  8. Hale-Smith, M. (1993). The effect of early educational disruption on the belief systems and educational practices of adults: Another look at Prince Edward County school closings. The Journal of Negro Education, 62(2), 171–189.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  9. Hicks, T. (2005). Assessing the academic, personal, and social experiences of pre-college students who participated in a transitional summer program. Journal of College Admission, 1(186), 19–24.Google Scholar
  10. Hicks, T. (2002a). Assessing parental involvement of first-generation and second-Generation college students. The ACT 101 Journal, 9(1), 12–16.Google Scholar
  11. Hicks, T. (2002b, December). Advising the first-generation college students: Effective retention tools for colleges and universities advisement teams. The Mentor: Academic Advising Journal, 1 (1).Google Scholar
  12. Holman, J. S. (2005). Autoethnography: Making the personal political. In Norman K. Denzin & Yvonna S. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (pp.763–791). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
  13. Hsiao, K. (1992). First-Generation College Students (ERIC ED351079) ERIC Digest, November. Office of Educational Research and Improvement. Los Angeles, CA: ERIC Clearinghouse Products (071).Google Scholar
  14. Kluger, R. (1975). Simple justice: The history of Brown v. Board of Education and Black America’s struggle for equality. New York: Vintage.Google Scholar
  15. Morrow, S. L. (2005). Quality and trustworthiness in qualitative research in counseling psychology. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 52(2), 250–260.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  16. Murphy. C., & Hicks, T. (2006). Academic characteristics among first-generation and non-first-generation college students, College Quarterly, 9(2).Google Scholar
  17. Prospero, M., & Vohra-Gupta, S. (2007). First generation college students: Motivation, integration, and academic achievement. Community College Journal of Research and Practice, 31, 963–975.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  18. Schultz, P. F. (2004). Upon entering college: First semester experiences of firstgeneration, rural students from agricultural families. Rural Educator, 26(1), 48–51.Google Scholar
  19. Smith, B. (1965). They closed their schools: Prince Edward County, Virginia, 1951–1965. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press.Google Scholar
  20. Turner, K. (2004). Both victors and victims: Prince Edward County, Virginia, the NAACP, and “Brown.” Virginia Law Review, 90(6), 1667–1691.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  21. Walsh, F. (1998). Strengthening family resilience. New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
  22. Walsh, F. (2002). A family resilience framework: Innovative practice application. New York: The Guildford Press.Google Scholar
  23. Walsh, F. (2003). Family resilience: A framework for clinical practice. Family Process, 42(2): 1–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  24. Walsh, F. (2006). Strengthening family resilience. New York: The Guilford Press.Google Scholar
  25. Williams, R., Jr. (2013). How direct descendants of a school lockout achieved academic success: Resilience in the educational attainments of Prince Edward County’s children (Order No. 3570308). ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (1399687040).Google Scholar
  26. Williams, J. (1988). Eyes on the prize: America’s civil rights years, 1954–1965. New York: Penguin.Google Scholar
  27. Wolters, R. (1984). The burden of Brown. Knoxville, TN: University of Tennessee Press.Google Scholar
  28. A portion of the Personal Narratives and Discussion/Summary sections in this chapter appeared in How direct descendants of a school lockout achieved academic success: Resilience in the educational attainments of Prince Edward County’s children by Randolph Williams, Jr. (ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global [1399687040]). Used with permission.Google Scholar

Copyright information

© Terence Hicks 2016

Authors and Affiliations

  • Terence Hicks

There are no affiliations available

Personalised recommendations