Group Membership, Self-identification, and Need

Abstract

People’s cultural membership plays a special role in discussions on multiculturalism, and on liberal multiculturalism in particular. Most (perhaps all) liberal theorists of multiculturalism would acknowledge the importance of cultural membership for individual well-being, and many (although not all) would also view this membership as relevant to the distribution of benefits and burdens in a liberal society. People’s identities — who they are and what they are able to choose — are shaped by their memberships in larger collectives, including cultural groups. Culture is seen as shaping the meaningful options and opportunities of individuals, and successful participation in one’s cultural group is seen as enhancing rather than diminishing individual freedom, autonomy and well-being.