Abstract
At around 6:30 p.m. we were stopped by a group of policemen manning a checkpoint under a bridge. There were 10 of us passengers. One of the police entered and told the bus driver to “do his duty.” When the driver asked him what this meant, the policeman said, “You should know … give us ₦500 [500 naira was equivalent to about $4].” The driver offered $50 instead. Angered by this, the policeman ordered everyone out. We told him he had no right to do what he was doing. He said, “You can’t talk to a policeman like that … it’s an offense!” We responded, “No, what you’re doing is an offense!”
Keywords
Central Government Poor Country Virtuous Cycle Chief Minister Implementation Capacity
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Notes
- 3.Anatol Lieven, Pakistan: A Hard Country (New York: Public Affairs, 2011), 105 and 108.Google Scholar
- 4.Charles Kenny, Learning about Schools in Development, Working Paper 236 (Washington DC: Center for Global Development, 2010), 5.Google Scholar
- 7.Tony Blair, Not Just Aid: How Making Government Work Can Transform Africa, public address at the Center for Global Development, Washington DC, December 16, 2010, 2.Google Scholar
- 9.Knowledge@Wharton, Punj Lloyd’s Atul Punj: Why Fixing Rural Infrastructure Is India’s Top Priority, India Knowledge@Wharton (August 15, 2010), http://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/india/article.cfm?articleid=4513.Google Scholar
- 11.Transparency International, Corruptions Perceptions Index 2010 Results (Berlin: Transparency International, 2010), http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi/2010/results.Google Scholar
- 12.International Monetary Fund, 2010 World Economic Outlook (Washington DC: IMF, 2010), http://www.indexmundi.com/cambodia/gdp_real_growth_rate.html.Google Scholar
- 15.Steven Radelet, Emerging Africa: How 17 Countries Are Leading the Way (Washington DC: Center for Global Development, 2010), 87–88.Google Scholar
- 18.Some of these ideas come from Merilee Grindle, “Good Enough Governance Revisited,” Development Policy Review 29, issue supplement (January 2011): S208–09.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 20.See Tim Kelsall, “Going with the Grain in African Development?” Development Policy Review 26 no. 6 (November 2008): 627–55, and David Booth, “Aid, Institutions and Governance: What Have We Learned?” Development Policy Review 29, issue supplement (January 2011): s5–s26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 21.The 85 percent figure was recorded in 2003. World Bank, World Development Report 2006: Equity and Development (Washington DC: World Bank, 2006), 159.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 22.Department for International Development (DFID), The Politics of Poverty: Elites, Citizens, and States (London: DFID, 2010), 46–47.Google Scholar
- 25.Caroline Sage and Michael Woolcock, “Breaking Legal Inequality Traps: New Approaches to Building Justice Systems for the Poor in Developing Countries” (paper presented at the World Bank conference New Frontiers of Social Policy: Development in a Globalizing World, Arusha, Tanzania, December 12–15, 2005), 20.Google Scholar
- 26.Janine Ubink and Benjamin van Rooij, Towards Customary Legal Empowerment: An Introduction (Rome: International Development Law Organization, 2011), 17.Google Scholar
- 28.Ha-Joon Chang, “Institutional Development in Developing Countries in a Historical Perspective: Lessons from Developed Countries in Earlier Times” (paper presented at the European Association of Evolutionary Political Economy Annual Meeting, Siena, Italy, November 8–11, 2001), 1–2.Google Scholar
- 29.Ricardo Hausmann, Dani Rodrik, and Andrés Velasco, “Growth Diagnostics,” John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University (Cambridge, MA: Harvard, 2005).Google Scholar
- 30.Brian Levy, “Development Trajectories: An Evolutionary Approach to Integrating Governance and Growth,” Economic Premise 15 (Washington DC: World Bank, May 2010).Google Scholar
- 33.See UNICEF, Enquete Nationale sur la Situation des Enfants et des Femmes, MICS2/2001 (Kinshasa, DRC: UNICEF, July 2002), 31, 43, and 69.Google Scholar
- 34.Ministry of Education, Science, and Sports, The Development and State of the Art of Adult Learning and Education (Accra, Ghana: Ministry of Education, Science, and Sports, March 2008), 27.Google Scholar
- 35.Jean-Paul Rodrigue and Cesar Ducruet, The Geography of Transport Systems (New York: Routledge, 2009), http://people.hofstra.edu/geotrans/eng/chlen/conclen/ch1c3en.html.Google Scholar
- 36.Wendell Cox, “China Expressway System to Exceed U.S. Interstates,” http://NewGeography.com, January 11, 2011, http://www.newgeography.com/content/002003-china-expressway-system-exceed-us-interstates.Google Scholar
- 38.Lee Kuan Yew, From ThirdWorld to First: The Singapore Story, 1965–2000 (New York: HarperCollins, 2000), 664–65.Google Scholar
Copyright information
© Seth D. Kaplan 2013