Advertisement

A Gold Medal for the Market: The 1984 Los Angeles Olympics, the Reagan Era, and the Politics of Neoliberalism

Chapter

Abstract

The 1984 Summer Olympic Games in Los Angeles are widely viewed as a transitional moment when the Olympic movement retreated from the idea of government-supported organisation in favour of a new model of private-public partnerships, built heavily on corporate sponsorship. Olympic supporters have viewed this transition as a story of success and salvation. The market-oriented approach introduced in Los Angeles is said to have ‘saved’ the Olympics by lessening the financial burdens on host cities and increasing the economic attractiveness of the Olympic Games as an international event.1 The years since 1984 have seen the continued growth of revenues for Olympic sport as the IOC has evolved into a sophisticated corporate organisation with a clear understanding of how best to commercialise the Olympic ‘brand’.

Keywords

Olympic Game Gold Medal International Olympic Committee Reagan Administration Summer Game 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Andersen, R. (1995) Television and Consumer Culture (Boulder: Westview Press).Google Scholar
  2. Andranovich, G. M. J. Burbank and C. H. Heying (2001) ‘Olympic Cities: Lessons Learned from Mega-Event Politics’, Journal of Urban Affairs, 23.2, 123–124.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  3. Barney, R. K. (1996) ‘Resistance, Persistence, Providence: The 1932 Los Angeles Olympic Games in Perspective.’ Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, June.Google Scholar
  4. Barney, R. K., S. G. Martyn and S. Wenn, (2002) Selling the Five Rings: The International Olympic Committee and the Rise of Olympic Commercialism (Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press).Google Scholar
  5. Brownlee W. E. and C. E. Steuerle (2003) ‘Taxation’, in W. E. Brownlee and H. D. Graham (eds), The Reagan Presidency: Pragmatic Conservatism and Its Legacies (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas), 155–181.Google Scholar
  6. Burbank, M. J., G. D. Andranovich and C. H. Heying. (2001) Olympic Dreams: The Impact of Mega-events on Local Politics (Boulder: Lynne Reinner Publishers).Google Scholar
  7. Busch, A. E. (2005) ‘Ronald Reagan and Economic Policy’, in P. Kengo and P. Schweizer (eds), The Reagan Presidency: Assessing the Man and His Legacy (New York: Rowman and Littlefield), 25–46.Google Scholar
  8. Callaghan, T. (1983) ‘Eve of a New Olympics’, Time, 17 October, 73.Google Scholar
  9. Cannon, L. (2003) Governor Reagan: His Rise to Power (Cambridge MA: Perseus Books).Google Scholar
  10. Davies, G. (2003) ‘The Welfare State’, in W. E. Brownlee and H. D. Graham (eds), The Reagan Presidency: Pragmatic Conservatism and its Legacies (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas), 209–232.Google Scholar
  11. Davis, M., (1990) City of Quartz: Excavating the Future in Los Angeles, (New York: Vintage Books).Google Scholar
  12. Derthick, M. andvS. Teles (2003) ‘Riding the Third Rail: Social Security Reform’, in W. E. Brownlee and H. D. Graham (eds), The Reagan Presidency: Pragmatic Conservatism and Its Legacies (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas).Google Scholar
  13. Dyreson, M. (1995) ‘Marketing National Identity: The Olympic Games of 1932 and American Culture’, Olympika: The International Journal of Olympic Studies, 4, 23–48.Google Scholar
  14. Eason, H. (1984) ‘The Unstated Message of the 1984 Olympics; the Los Angeles Games Will Show US Private Enterprise at Work’, The Nation’s Business, March.Google Scholar
  15. Giannoulakis, C. and D. Stotlar (2006) ‘Evolution of Olympic Sponsorship and Its Impact on the Olympic Movement’, in N. Crowther, R. Barney and M. Heine (eds), Cultural Imperialism in Action: Critiques in the Global Olympic Trust (London ON: International Centre for Olympic Studies, University of Western Ontario).Google Scholar
  16. Gilbert, D. (1973) ‘Munich’s Giant Hangover’, Edmonton Journal, 8.Google Scholar
  17. Gruneau, R. and C. Cantelon (1988) ‘Capitalism, Commercialism and the Olympics’, in D. Seagrave and J. Chu (eds), The Olympic Games in Transition (Champaign: Human Kinetics), 355–357.Google Scholar
  18. Guttmann, A. (1984) The Games Must Go On: Avery Brundage and the Olympic Movement (New York: Columbia University Press).Google Scholar
  19. Hall, C. M. (2005) ‘Selling Places: Hallmark Events and the Reimagining of Sydney and Toronto’, in J. Nauright and K. Schimmell (eds), The Political Economy of Sport (New York: Palgrave Macmillan).Google Scholar
  20. Harrison, B. and B. Bluestone (1988) The Great U-Turn: Corporate Restructuring and the Polarizing of America (New York: Basic Books).Google Scholar
  21. Harvey D. (1989) The Condition of Postmodernity (Oxford: Basil Blackwell).Google Scholar
  22. Harvey, D. (2005) A Brief History of Neoliberalism (Oxford: Oxford University Press).Google Scholar
  23. Hill, C. (1992) Olympic Politics (Manchester: Manchester University Press).Google Scholar
  24. Hiller, H. (2000) ‘Mega-events, Urban Boosterism and Growth Strategies: An Analysis of the Objectives and Legitimation of the Cape Town 2004 Olympic Bid’, International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 24.2, 439–458.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  25. Kidd, B. (1992) ‘The Culture Wars of the Montreal Olympics’, International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 27.2, 151–161.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  26. Levine, M. (1999) ‘Tourism, Urban Redevelopment and the “World Class City”: the Cases of Baltimore and Montreal’, in C. Andrew, P. Armstrong and A. Lapierre (eds), World Class Cities: Can Canada Play? (Ottawa: University of Ottawa Press).Google Scholar
  27. Lewis, T. (2003) In the Long Run We’re All Dead: The Canadian Turn to Fiscal Restraint. (Vancouver: UBC Press).Google Scholar
  28. Margolin, S. and J. B. Schor (eds) (1999) The Golden Age of Capitalism: Reinterpreting the Postwar Experience (Oxford: Oxford University Press).Google Scholar
  29. McMillan, J. (1991) ‘Bidding for Olympic Broadcast Rights: The Competition Before the Competition’, Negotiation Journal, 7 (July), 2.Google Scholar
  30. Moran, M. (2009) ‘How Los Angeles Saved the Olympics’, Around the Rings, 7.25, at: http://aroundtherings.com/articles/view.aspx?id=32758.Google Scholar
  31. Moreland, J. (n.d.) ‘Olympics and Television’, The Museum of Broadcast Communication, at: www.museum.tv/eotvsection.php?entrycode=olympicsand.Google Scholar
  32. Morgan, I. (2007) ‘Reaganomics and Its Legacy’, in C. Hudson and G. Davies (eds), Ronald Reagan and the 1980s: Perceptions, Policies, Legacies (New York: Palgrave Macmillan), 101–118.Google Scholar
  33. Preuss, H. (2004) The Economics of Staging the Olympics: A Comparison of the Games, 1972–2008 (Northampton MA: Edward Elgar Publishers).Google Scholar
  34. Roche, M. (2000) Mega-Events and Modernity (London: Routledge).Google Scholar
  35. Skidelsky, R. (2009) Keynes: The Return of the Master (New York: Public Affairs).Google Scholar
  36. Sloan, J. (2007) ‘The Economic Costs of Reagan Mythology’, in K. Longley, J. Mayer, M. Schaller and J. Sloan (eds), Deconstructing Reagan: Conservative Mythology and America’s Fortieth President (New York: M. E. Sharpe), 41–69.Google Scholar
  37. Storobin, D. (2010) ‘American Economic Policy from Hoover to Bush’, Global Politician (online), at: www.globalpolitician.com/2700-economics.Google Scholar
  38. Surborg, B., R. van Wynsberghe and E. Wyly (2008) ‘Mapping the Olympic Growth Machine: Transnational Urbanism and the Growth Machine Diaspora’, City, 12.3, 341–355.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  39. Teeple, G. (2000) Globalization and the Decline of Social Reform (Aurora: Garamond Press).Google Scholar
  40. Toohey, K. and A. J. Veal (2007) The Olympic Games: A Social Science Perspective, 2nd ed. (Wallingford: CAB International Publishers).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  41. Tomlinson, A. (2005) ‘The Commercialization of the Olympics: Cities, Corporations and the Olympic Community’, in K. Young and K. Walmsley (eds), Global Olympics: Historical and Sociological Studies of the Modern Games (London: Elsevier).Google Scholar
  42. Turncock, R. (2007) Television and Consumer Culture: Britain and the Transformation of Modernity (London: I.B. Tauris and Co).Google Scholar
  43. Whitson, D. (2005) ‘Olympic Hosting in Canada: Promotional Ambitions, Political Challenges’, Olympika: The International Journal of Olympic Studies, 14, 29–46.Google Scholar
  44. Zarnowski, F. (1993) ‘A Look at Olympic Costs’, International Journal of Olympic History, 1.2, 16–3Google Scholar

Copyright information

© Rick Gruneau and Robert Neubauer 2012

Authors and Affiliations

There are no affiliations available

Personalised recommendations