Playing the Multilevel Game in Education—the PISA Study and the Bologna Process Triggering Swiss Harmonization

  • Tonia Bieber
Chapter
Part of the Transformations of the State book series (TRST)

Abstract

Since the acceleration of globalization in the 1980s, the adaptation to international developments and discourses in education policymaking has become inevitable for nearly all countries (Drezner 2001). At the international level, the aim of enhancing global competitiveness is the special focus of diverse educational initiatives furthered by international organizations (IOs), particularly the European Union (EU) and the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). The most outstanding examples of international initiatives in education in the last decade run the risk of being confused with Italian cities: the “Programme for International Student Assessment” (PISA) is a survey on student performance in secondary education performed every three years by the OECD since 2000. The intergovernmental “Bologna Process” of 1999 aims at integrating European higher education systems and is supported by the European Commission (Bologna Declaration 1999; Hackl 2001; Martens and Weymann 2005).

Keywords

European Union Education Policy Compulsory Schooling Veto Player European High Education Area 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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© Tonia Bieber 2010

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  • Tonia Bieber

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