We Don’t Need No Water: The Cadre Burns the Union Jack

  • Quito Swan
Part of the Contemporary Black History book series (CBH)

Abstract

One of the most critical examples of modern pan-African consciousness was the Black Diaspora’s support of continental African liberation struggles and protest against South Africa’s apartheid regime. Several organizations challenged their local governments’ policies toward South Africa, such as TransAfrica in the United States. Bermuda and the Caribbean were no exception.

Keywords

Security Council Black People Liberation School Black Panther Party Offensive Behavior 
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Notes

  1. 1.
    Vejay Steede, Flag (Bermuda: LoQuatJam Publishing, 1994).Google Scholar
  2. 6.
    In 1960, White policemen fired on an “unarmed” and “unaggressive crowd” of between 10 and 20, 000 people during a demonstration orchestrated by the Pan-African Congress in Sharpeville, South Africa. Seventy-two were killed and 186 wounded, including 40 women and 8 children. This “Sharpeville Massacre” was internationally denounced. See David Chanaiwa, “Southern Africa since 1945”, UNESCO General History of Africa: Africa since 1935, Vol. 8, ed. Ali Mazrui (Paris: UNESCO, 1999), 260Google Scholar
  3. 25.
    One can only assume that this was a reference to the U.S. Civil War. However, Abraham Lincoln’ s soldiers fought to preserve the Union, not to simply abolish slavery. Lincoln constructed the Emancipation Proclamation to apply only to States that were in rebellion against the Union. The president was a racial separatist and “maintained that inasmuch as there is a physical inequality between the White and Black, that the Blacks must remain inferior.” See Lerone Bennett, Tr., Forced into Glory: Abraham Lincoln’ s White Dream (Chicago: Johnson Publishing Company, 2000), 181.Google Scholar

Copyright information

© Quito Swan 2009

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  • Quito Swan

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