Introduction: Vertical Relations in Science, Philosophy, and the World: Understanding the New Debates over Verticality1
Chapter
First Online:
Abstract
This chapter critiques the new mechanistic explanatory program on grounds that, even when applied to the kinds of examples that it was originally designed to treat, it does not distinguish correct explanations from those that blunder. First, I offer a systematization of the explanatory account, one according to which explanations are mechanistic models that satisfy three desiderata: they must (1) represent causal relations, (2) describe the proper parts, and (3) depict the system at the right “level.” Second, I argue that even the most developed attempts to fulfill these desiderata fall short by failing to appropriately constrain explanatorily apt mechanistic models.
Keywords
Mechanistic Explanation Scientific Explanation Good Account Research Tradition Local Account
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
References
- Aizawa, K. (2007). The biochemistry of memory consolidation: A model system for the philosophy of mind. Synthese, 155, 65–98.Google Scholar
- Bechtel, W., & Abrahamsen, A. (2005). Explanation: A mechanist alternative. Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, 36(2), 421–441.Google Scholar
- Bechtel, W., & Richardson, R. (1993). Discovering complexity. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
- Bliss, R., & Trogdon, K. (2014). Metaphysical grounding. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2014 Edition). Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2014/entries/grounding/.
- Clapp, L. (2001). Disjunctive properties: Multiple realizations. Journal of Philosophy, XCVIII.Google Scholar
- Couch, M. (2011). Mechanisms and constitutive relevance. Synthese, 183, 375–388.Google Scholar
- Craver, C. (2007). Explaining the brain. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
- Craver, C., & Bechtel, W. (2007). Top-down causation without top-down causes. Biology and Philosophy, 22(4), 547.Google Scholar
- Dennett, D. (1969). Content and consciousness. London: Routledge Kegan Paul.Google Scholar
- Fine, K. (2001). The question of realism. Philosopher’s Imprint, 1(1), 1–30.Google Scholar
- Fine, K. (2012). Guide to ground. In F. Correia & B. Schnieder (Eds.), Metaphysical grounding: Understanding the structure of reality (pp. 37–80). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
- Fodor, J. (1968). Psychological explanation. New York: Random House.Google Scholar
- Fodor, J. (1974). Special sciences (or: the disunity of science as a working hypothesis). Synthese, 28(2), 97–115.Google Scholar
- Gillett, C. (2002). The dimensions of realization: A critique of the Standard view. Analysis, 62(276), 316–323.Google Scholar
- Gillett, C. (2007). Hyper-extending the mind? Setting boundaries in the special sciences. Philosophical Topics, 35, 161–187. Google Scholar
- Gillett, C. (2013a). Constitution, and multiple constitution, in the Sciences: Using the neuron to construct a starting framework. Minds and Machines 23, 309–37.Google Scholar
- Gillett, C. (2013b). Understanding the Sciences through the Fog of ‘Functionalism(s)’. In P. Hunneman (ed.) Functions: Selection and Mechanisms (pp. 159–181). Dordrecht: Kluwer.Google Scholar
- Glennan, S. (1996). Mechanisms and the nature of causation. Erkenntnis, 44(1), 49–71.Google Scholar
- Hall, N. (2004). Two concepts of causation. In J. Collins, N. Hall & L. Paul (Eds.), Causation and counterfactuals (pp. 225–276). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
- Harbecke, J. (2010). Mechanistic constitution in neurobiological explanations. International Studies in the Philosophy of Science, 24(3), 267–285. Google Scholar
- Harbecke, J. (2014a). The role of supervenience and constitution in neuroscientific research. Synthese, 191(5), 725–743.Google Scholar
- Harbecke, J. (2014b). Regularity constitution and the location of mechanistic levels. Foundations of Science, 20(3), 323–338.Google Scholar
- Harinen, T. (2014). Mutual manipulability and causal inbetweeness. Synthese. Online pre-pubication.Google Scholar
- Healey, R. (2013). Physical Composition. Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science Part B, 44, 48–62.Google Scholar
- Kaiser, M., & Krickel, B. (2016). The metaphysics of constitutive mechanistic phenomena. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science. Online pre-publication.Google Scholar
- Kim, J. (1992). Multiple realization and the metaphysics of reduction. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 1–26.Google Scholar
- Kitcher, P. (1984). 1953 and all that: A tale of two sciences. Philosophical Review, 93, 335–73.Google Scholar
- Koslicki, K. (2015). The coarse-grainedness of grounding. In K. Bennett and D. Zimmerman (ed.), Oxford studies in metaphysics (pp. 306–344). Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
- Machamer, P., Darden, L., & Craver, C. (2000). Thinking about mechanisms. Philosophy of Science, 67(1), 1–25.Google Scholar
- Melnyk, A. (2003). A physicalist manifesto: Thoroughly modern materialism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
- Pereboom, D. (2002). Robust nonreductive materialism. Journal of Philosophy, 99, pp. 499–531.Google Scholar
- Pereboom, D. (2011). Consciousness and the Prospects of Physicalism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
- Raven, M. J. (2015). Ground. Philosophy Compass, 10(5), 322–333.Google Scholar
- Rosen, G. (2010). Metaphysical dependence: Grounding and reduction. In R. Hale & A. Hoffman (Eds.), Modality: Metaphysics, logic, and epistemology (pp. 109–136). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
- Schaffer, J. (2009). On what grounds what. In D. Chalmers, D. Manley & R. Wasserman (Eds.), Metametaphysics (pp. 357–383). Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
- Schaffer, J. (2016). Grounding in the image of causation. Philosophical studies, 173, 49–100.Google Scholar
- Shoemaker, S. (2001). Realization and mental causation. In C. Gillett and B. Loewer (eds.), Physicalism and its discontents (pp. 23–33). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
- Shoemaker, S. (2003). Realization, micro-realization and coincidence. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 67, 1–23.Google Scholar
- Shoemaker, S. (2007). Physical realization. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
- Wilson, J. M. (1999). How superduper does a physicalist supervenience need to be? Philosophical Quarterly, 49, 33–52.Google Scholar
- Wilson, J. M. (2009). Determination, realization, and mental causation. Philosophical Studies, 149–169.Google Scholar
- Wilson, J. M. (2014). No work for a theory of grounding. Inquiry, 57(5–6), 535–579.Google Scholar
- Woodward, J., 2003, Making Things Happen: A Theory of Causal Explanation, New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Copyright information
© The Author(s) 2016