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Fighting for Rights, or Parasites?

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The Pimping of Prostitution

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Abstract

In this chapter I explore Ireland’s campaign to criminalise men’s demand for prostitution, and to fully decriminalise those who sell sex.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    https://www.pinterest.co.uk/pin/489414684475523302/. Accessed 29th August 2017.

  2. 2.

    Dillon, E. (2014, Mar 4). Brothel cash goes to internet kingpin linked to legalisation campaign. In Sunday World. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from www.sundayworld.com/news/crimedesk/brothel-cash-goes-to-internet-kingpin.

  3. 3.

    I have confirmed in correspondence with Eamon Dillon that at no stage during his ongoing investigations were his reports responded to with any legal sanction by Peter McCormick et al. I acknowledge Dillon’s professionalism, candour and willingness to assist in my report of McCormick.

  4. 4.

    According to Internet Archive ‘Way Back Machine’ the webpage www.turnoffthebluelight.ie was first archived on April 29 2011 and last on 02 June 2013.

  5. 5.

    Ugliemugs.ie operates as a distinct organisation from other Ugly Mugs campaigns found elsewhere throughout the world including the UK (known as National Uglymugs: a registered charity) and Australia.

  6. 6.

    Barnes, C. (2014, Mar 2). Loaded Ex-RUC officer was the king of sleaze. In Belfast Telegraph. Retrieved 15 June 2017 from High Beam Research www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-35754486.html.

  7. 7.

    Ugliemugs.ie operates as a distinct organisation from other Ugly Mugs campaigns found elsewhere throughout the world including the UK (known as National Uglymugs: a registered charity) and Australia.

  8. 8.

    Anon. (2003, May 25). Exposed: The RUC man turned pimp. In Sunday Life.

  9. 9.

    Irish Times. (2004, Oct 8). Man jailed in absence for breach of peace. In Irish Times. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from www.irishtimes.com/news/man-jailed-in-absence-for-breach-of-peace-1.1160920.

  10. 10.

    Sheehan, M. (2010, May 16). The father, son, their ‘Bible’ and unholy alliances. In Belfast Telegraph. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from www.independent.ie/irish-news/courts/the-father-son-their-bible-and-unholy-alliances-26655479.html.

  11. 11.

    Sheehan, M. (2010, May 16). The father, son, their ‘Bible’ and unholy alliances. In Belfast Telegraph. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from www.independent.ie/irish-news/courts/the-father-son-their-bible-and-unholy-alliances-26655479.html.

  12. 12.

    Companies House. E Designers Limited. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from https://beta.companieshouse.gov.uk/company/04923492/officers.

  13. 13.

    Cusack, J. (2010, Jul 25). It’s business as usual for sex trade. In Irish Independent. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from www.independent.ie/opinion/analysis/its-business-as-usual-for-sex-trade-26666139.html.

  14. 14.

    Lazarus Trading SL. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from http://www.infocif.es/ficha-empresa/lazarus-trading-sl.

  15. 15.

    Lazarus Trading SL. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from https://www.infoempresa.com/en-in/es/company/lazarus-trading-sl.

  16. 16.

    Escort Ireland. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from https://www.escort-ireland.com/press/escort-advertising-survey.html.

  17. 17.

    RTE. (2000, Oct 18). In Dublin publisher fined £50,000 for advertising brothels. In RTE. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from www.rte.ie/news/2000/1018/9470-hogan/.

  18. 18.

    Barnes, C. (2014, Mar 2). Loaded Ex-RUC officer was the king of sleaze. In Belfast Telegraph. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from High Beam Research www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-35754486.html.

    Belfast Telegraph. (2010, May 15). Jail for Ulsterman who ran brothel network in Dublin. In Belfast Telegraph. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/jail-for-ulsterman-who-ran-brothel-network-in-dublin-28535797.html.

  19. 19.

    Dillon, E. (4 March 2014) Pimp and proper. In Sunday World. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from http://www.sundayworld.com/news/crimedesk/brothel-cash-goes-to-internet-kingpin. Accessed 28th August 2017.

  20. 20.

    Irish Independent. (2011, Aug 30). Dublin ‘call-girl gang’ charged in Romania. In Irish Independent. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from http://www.independent.ie/irish-news/dublin-callgirl-gang-charged-in-romania-26766210.html.

  21. 21.

    http://www.rte.ie/about/en/press-office/press-releases/2012/0206/293201-040212primetime/. Accessed 28th August 2017.

  22. 22.

    Dillon, E. (2014, Mar 4). Brothel cash goes to internet kingpin linked to legalisation campaign. In Sunday World. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from www.sundayworld.com/news/crimedesk/brothel-cash-goes-to-internet-kingpin.

  23. 23.

    Lally, C. (2010, May 8). A pimp’s family business. In Irish Times. Retrieved 15 June 2017, www.irishtimes.com/news/a-pimp-s-family-business-1.662825.

  24. 24.

    Dillon, E. (2014, Mar 4). Brothel cash goes to internet kingpin linked to legalisation campaign. In Sunday World. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from www.sundayworld.com/news/crimedesk/brothel-cash-goes-to-internet-kingpin.

  25. 25.

    Cusack, J. (2013, Feb 17). ’Escort’ web firm hits out at RTE sex work expose. In Irish Independent. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from www.independent.ie/irish-news/escort-web-firm-hits-out-at-rte-sex-work-expose-29076081.html.

  26. 26.

    Escort Ireland. Advertising terms and conditions. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from www.escort-ireland.com/help/escort-legal-information.html#advertising-terms.

  27. 27.

    The Journal. (2015, Nov 30). Investigation details systematic movement of prostitutes around Ireland’s towns. In The Journal. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from www.thejournal.ie/prostitution-investigation-2475654-Nov2015/.

  28. 28.

    I use Uglymugs.ie (the app) and Uglymugs.ie (the organisation) interchangeably.

  29. 29.

    Dillon, E. (4 March 2014) Pimp and proper. In Sunday World. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from http://www.sundayworld.com/news/crimedesk/brothel-cash-goes-to-internet-kingpin.

  30. 30.

    UglyMugs.ie. (2013, Sept). Crime and abuse experienced by sex workers in Ireland: Victimisation survey. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from http://uglymugs.ie/wp-content/uploads/ugly-mugs-september-2013.pdf, p. 2.

  31. 31.

    Cho, S.; Dreher, A.; Neumayer E. (2012, Jan 16). Does legalised prostitution increase human trafficking? In World Development. 41 (1), 2013. 67–82.

    Ekberg, G. (2004, Oct). The Swedish law that prohibits the purchase of a sexual service: Best practices for prevention of prostitution and trafficking in human beings. In Violence Against Women. Sage. 10 (10). 1187–1218.

    Waltman, M. (2011). Prohibiting sex purchasing and ending trafficking: The Swedish prostitution law. Michigan Journal of International Law. 133, 133–57, pp. 146–148.

    Waltman, M. (2011, Sept-Oct). Sweden’s prohibition of purchase of sex: The law’s reasons, impact, and potential. In Women’s Studies International Forum. Elsevier. 34 (5). 449–474.

  32. 32.

    UglyMugs.ie. (2013, Sept). Crime and abuse experienced by sex workers in Ireland: Victimisation survey. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from http://uglymugs.ie/wp-content/uploads/ugly-mugs-september-2013.pdf, p. 2.

  33. 33.

    UglyMugs.ie. (2013, Sept). Crime and abuse experienced by sex workers in Ireland: Victimisation survey. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from http://uglymugs.ie/wp-content/uploads/ugly-mugs-september-2013.pdf, p. 2.

  34. 34.

    Phelan, S. (2013, Nov 17). A woman trafficked into the sex trade in Ireland tells her story. In Irish Independent. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from www.independent.ie/irish-news/a-woman-trafficked-into-the-sex-trade-in-ireland-tells-her-story-29760573.html.

  35. 35.

    Dillon, E. (2013, Nov 13). Hate campaign targets sex trafficking victim. In Sunday World. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from www.sundayworld.com/news/crimedesk/hate-campaign-targets-sex-trafficking-victim.

  36. 36.

    News Letter. (2014, Oct 19). Sex trafficking survivor tells why she supports DUP bill. In News Letter. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from https://twitter.com/wendylyon/status/530556740556062720.

  37. 37.

    For example pp. 43, 51 and 53 of UglyMugs.ie (2013, Sept 2013). Crime and Abuse Experienced by Sex Workers in Ireland. UglyMugs.ie. http://uglymugs.ie/wp-content/uploads/ugly-mugs-september-2013.pdf and Northern Ireland Assembly (2014).

    Official Report (Hansard) Human Trafficking and Exploitation (Further Provisions and Support for Victims) Bill: UglyMugs.ie. Online: http://www.niassembly.gov.uk/assembly-business/official-report/committee-minutes-of-evidence/session-2013-2014/january-2014/human-trafficking-and-exploitation-further-provisions-and-support-for-victims-bill-uglymugsie/.

  38. 38.

    For example Smith, L. (2015, April 20) ‘Submission to Department of Health, Social Services and Publics Safety (DHSSPS) on exiting sex work strategy’. Uglymugs.ie. Online: https://uglymugs.ie/wp-content/uploads/Submission-to-Department-of-Health.pdf.

  39. 39.

    Uglymugs.ie (2016, Feb 27). Letter to NI Justice Committee. Online: https://uglymugs.ie/2016/09/27/letter-ni-justice-committee/.

  40. 40.

    www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/irishnews/article4666981.ece.

  41. 41.

    Uglymugs.ie is an associate member of Irish Research Council funded Commercial Sex Research Network Ireland (CSRNI) together with Laura Lee and Niall Mulligan (HIV Ireland). Dr Graham Ellison is a Network Member of this organisation. This information was obtained from its website: http://csrnetworkireland.com/core-network-members/. Of interest Niall Mulligan, Laura Lee, and Dr Paul Ryan are also Working Group and/or Board members of Sexworkers Alliance Ireland (SWAI); Dr Paul Ryan was a further member of the Advisory Group alongside Dr Nicola Mai for Dr Susann Huschke’s research project. This information was drawn from its website: http://sexworkersallianceireland.org/who-we-are/.

  42. 42.

    Sex Workers Liaison Group (2016). Minutes of Sex Workers Liaison Group. Online: www.octf.gov.uk/OCTF/media/OCTF/documents/publications/Human%20Trafficking/Approved-Minutes-of-Sex-Workers-Liaison-Group.pdf?ext=.pdf.

  43. 43.

    Bliss Festival (2015). Bliss Festival 2015 Talks Panel. Online: //www.blissfestival.org/p/summer-festival-2015-talks-panel.html.

  44. 44.

    http://www.ruhama.ie/.

  45. 45.

    Oireachatas (2014, Feb 26). Joint Committee on Justice, Defence and Equality Debate. http://oireachtasdebates.oireachtas.ie/debates%20authoring/debateswebpack.nsf/committeetakes/JUJ2014022600007.

  46. 46.

    The Bill included a raft of provisions including for example the “proximity of age defence” and measures to strengthen defences against online predators.

  47. 47.

    Dillon, Eamon (2014, March 4). Brothel cash goes to internet kingpin linked to legalisation campaign. Sunday World. Online: www.sundayworld.com/news/crimedesk/brothel-cash-goes-to-internet-kingpin.

  48. 48.

    Northern Ireland Assembly. (2014, Jan 30). Official report (Hansard). Human trafficking and exploitation (further provisions and support for victims) bill: UglyMugs.ie. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from www.niassembly.gov.uk/globalassets/documents/official-reports/justice/2013-2014/140130_humantraffickingetcbilluglymugs.pdf.

  49. 49.

    Northern Ireland Assembly (2014). Official Report (Hansard) Human Trafficking and Exploitation (Further Provisions and Support for Victims), Bill: UglyMugs.ie

    Online: http://www.niassembly.gov.uk/assembly-business/official-report/committee-minutes-of-evidence/session-2013-2014/january-2014/human-trafficking-and-exploitation-further-provisions-and-support-for-victims-bill-uglymugsie/.

  50. 50.

    Uglymugs.ie currently “acknowledges” a “relationship” between Escort-Ireland as it did at both the Oireachtas and Stormont committees. However this pre-emptive admission is in the form of a closed and compact statement which pretends disclosure but camouflages precisely the nature of the “relationship”, any commercial arrangements, or an elaboration of the involvement of Peter McCormick and Mark McCormick.

  51. 51.

    Northern Ireland Assembly (2014). Official Report (Hansard) Human Trafficking and Exploitation (Further Provisions and Support for Victims) Bill: International Union of Sex Workers. Online: http://www.niassembly.gov.uk/assembly-business/official-report/committee-minutes-of-evidence/session-2013-2014/january-2014/human-trafficking-and-exploitation-further-provisions-and-support-for-victims-bill-international-union-of-sex-workers/.

  52. 52.

    Wyatt, D. (2015, 1 December). What is it really like to work as a Dominatrix? The Independent. http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/love-sex/whats-it-really-like-to-work-as-a-dominatrix-a6754541.html.

  53. 53.

    Northern Ireland Assembly (2014). Official Report (Hansard) Human Trafficking and Exploitation (Further Provisions and Support for Victims), Bill: SPACE Intnerational. http://www.niassembly.gov.uk/assembly-business/official-report/committee-minutes-of-evidence/session-2013-2014/january-2014/human-trafficking-and-exploitation-further-provisions-and-suport-for-victims-bill-space-international-/.

  54. 54.

    Anna Human Trafficking. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from http://anna-human-trafficking-ireland.com.

  55. 55.

    Dillon, E. (4 March 2014) Pimp and proper. In Sunday World. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from http://www.sundayworld.com/news/crimedesk/brothel-cash-goes-to-internet-kingpin.

  56. 56.

    Matthews, R., Easton, H., Reynolds, L., Bindel, J., Young, L. 2014). Exiting prostitution: A study in female desistance. (London: Palgrave).

  57. 57.

    Northern Ireland Assembly (2014). Official Report (Hansard) Human Trafficking and Exploitation (Further Provisions and Support for Victims) Bill: Dr Graham Ellison and Dr Susan Huschke, Queen University Belfast. Online: http://www.niassembly.gov.uk/assembly-business/official-report/committee-minutes-of-evidence/session-2013-2014/january-2014/human-trafficking-and-exploitation-further-provision-and-support-for-victims-bill-dr-graham-ellison-and-dr-susann-huschke-queens-university-belfast-/.

  58. 58.

    https://www.justice-ni.gov.uk/publications/research-prostitution-northern-ireland.

  59. 59.

    Northern Ireland Assembly. (2014, Jan 30). Official report (Hansard). Human trafficking and exploitation (further provisions and support for victims) bill: UglyMugs.ie. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from www.niassembly.gov.uk/globalassets/documents/official-reports/justice/2013-2014/140130_humantraffickingetcbilluglymugs.pdf.

  60. 60.

    Northern Ireland Assembly (2014). Official Report (Hansard) Human Trafficking and Exploitation (Further Provisions and Support for Victims) Bill: Dr Graham Ellison and Dr Susan Huschke, Queen University Belfast. Online: http://www.niassembly.gov.uk/assembly-business/official-report/committee-minutes-of-evidence/session-2013-2014/january-2014/human-trafficking-and-exploitation-further-provision-and-support-for-victims-bill-dr-graham-ellison-and-dr-susann-huschke-queens-university-belfast-/.

  61. 61.

    BBC (2014, January 30). DUP confronts QUB academic over ‘gay suicides’ claim. BBC News. http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-25969374.

  62. 62.

    http://www.niassembly.gov.uk/assembly-business/official-report/committee-minutes-of-evidence/session-2013-2014/january-2014/human-trafficking-and-exploitation-further-provision-and-support-for-victims-bill-dr-graham-ellison-and-dr-susann-huschke-queens-university-belfast-/.

  63. 63.

    Maginn, P.J. and Ellison G. (2014) Male Sex Work in the Irish Republic and Northern Ireland in V. Minichiello and J. Scott (Eds) Male Sex Work & Society, New York: Harrington Park Press, pp:426-461, Endnote 10, p. 461.

  64. 64.

    Maginn, P.; Ellison, G. (2013). The scarlet isle: Male sex work in Ireland. On The Conversation. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from http://theconversation.com/the-scarlet-isle-the-politics-of-male-sex-work-in-ireland-19404).

  65. 65.

    Department of Justice. (2014, Oct 31). Research into prostitution in Northern Ireland. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from https://www.justice-ni.gov.uk/publications/research-prostitution-northern-ireland.

  66. 66.

    Kilpatrick, C. (2014, Oct 17). David Ford in bid to scupper bill making it illegal to pay for sex. In Belfast Telegraph. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/politics/david-ford-in-bid-to-scupper-bill-making-it-illegal-to-pay-for-sex-30670787.html.

  67. 67.

    Queen’s University Belfast (2014) Research into prostitution in Northern Ireland Retrieved 28 August 2017, from https://www.justice-ni.gov.uk/sites/default/files/publications/doj/prostitution-report-nov-update.pdf.

  68. 68.

    https://www.womensaidni.org/womens-aid-statement-queens-university-belfast-department-justice-research-prostitution/.

  69. 69.

    Pages 20–21, Mai, N. (2011) ‘Tampering with the Sex of “Angels”: Migrant Male Minors and Young Adults Selling Sex in the EU’, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 37(8).

  70. 70.

    Queens University Belfast. (2014). Research into prostitution in Northern Ireland: Public engagement event. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from https://uglymugs.ie/wp-content/uploads/Research-on-Prostitution-in-Northern-Ireland_Public-Engagement-Event.pdf.

  71. 71.

    Women’s Aid: Federation Northern Ireland. (2014, Oct 17). Statement on Queen’s University Belfast: Department of Justice research on prostitution. On Women’s Aid. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from http://www.womensaidni.org/womens-aid-statement-queens-university-belfast-department-justice-research-prostitution/.

  72. 72.

    Dillon, E. (2014, Mar 4). Brothel cash goes to internet kingpin linked to legalisation campaign. In Sunday World. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from www.sundayworld.com/news/crimedesk/brothel-cash-goes-to-internet-kingpin.

  73. 73.

    Hollaway, M. (2004, May 8). Minister must withdraw funding from Scarlet Alliance. In Tasmania Times. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from http://tasmaniantimes.com/index.php?/pr-article/minister-must-with-draw-funding-from-scarlet-alliance/.

  74. 74.

    Northern Ireland Assembly. (2014, Jan 30). Official report (Hansard). Human trafficking and exploitation (further provisions and support for victims) bill: UglyMugs.ie. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from www.niassembly.gov.uk/globalassets/documents/official-reports/justice/2013-2014/140130_humantraffickingetcbilluglymugs.pdf.

  75. 75.

    Ellison, G. (2016). Who needs evidence? In Armstrong, S.; Blaustein, J.; Henry, A. (Eds.) (2016). Reflexivity and criminal justice: Intersections of policy, practice and research. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

  76. 76.

    Uglymugs.ie currently “acknowledges” a “relationship” between Escort-Ireland as it did at both the Oireachtas and Stormont committees. However, this pre-emptive admission is in the form of a closed and compact statement which pretends disclosure but camouflages precisely the nature of the “relationship”, any commercial arrangements or an elaboration of the involvement of Peter McCormick and Mark McCormick.

  77. 77.

    I will focus on pages 305–306 of Ellison, G. (2016). Who needs evidence? Radical Feminism, the Christian Right and Sex Work Research in Northern Ireland. In: Reflexivity and Criminal Justice: Intersections of Policy, Practice and Research. Armstrong, S., Blaustein, J. & Alistair, H. (eds.). Palgrave Macmillan.

  78. 78.

    Northern Ireland Assembly. (2014, Jan 30). Official report (Hansard). Human trafficking and exploitation (further provisions and support for victims) bill: UglyMugs.ie. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from www.niassembly.gov.uk/globalassets/documents/official-reports/justice/2013-2014/140130_humantraffickingetcbilluglymugs.pdf.

  79. 79.

    Belfast Telegraph. (2016, March 9). Escort Website Partly Funding Bid in Ireland’s Ban on Paying for Sex. Belfast Telegraph. Online: http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/northern-ireland/escort-website-partly-funding-bid-to-overturn-n-irelands-ban-on-paying-for-sex-34525613.html.

  80. 80.

    Parliament. Written evidence submitted by Steven Elrond. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from http://data.parliament.uk/WrittenEvidence/CommitteeEvidence.svc/EvidenceDocument/Home%20Affairs/Prostitution/written/29122.html.

  81. 81.

    2006. Extraordinary Stories: The Escort Agency. UK, Channel 4. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from http://tvfinternational.com/programme/20/the-escort-agency?trailer=1&.

  82. 82.

    See for example Hedges, C. (2015, August 16) Amnesty International: Protecting the ‘Human Rights’ of Johns, Pimps, and Human Traffickers. Truth Dig. Online: http://www.truthdig.com/report/item/amnesty_international_protecting_the_human_rights_20150816.; Bindel, J. (2015, August 4) Women in Prostitution won’t be protected by Amnesty’s Plan. The Guardian. Online: https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/aug/04/sex-workers-amnesty-international-prostitution-decriminalisation; Brunskell-Evans (2015) Sorry Amnesty, Decriminalising Sex Work will Not Protect Human Rights. The Conversation. Online: https://theconversation.com/sorry-amnesty-decriminalising-sex-work-will-not-protect-human-rights-46096.

  83. 83.

    Northern Ireland Assembly. (2014, Jan 30). Official report (Hansard). Human trafficking and exploitation (further provisions and support for victims) bill: UglyMugs.ie. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from www.niassembly.gov.uk/globalassets/documents/official-reports/justice/2013-2014/140130_humantraffickingetcbilluglymugs.pdf.

  84. 84.

    Department of Justice. (2014, Oct 31). Research into prostitution in Northern Ireland. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from https://www.justice-ni.gov.uk/publications/research-prostitution-northern-ireland.

  85. 85.

    BBC News. (2014, Jan 30). DUP confronts QUB academic over ‘gay suicides’ claim. On BBC News. Retrieved 15 June 2017, from http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-25969374.

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    Julie Bindel

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Bindel, J. (2019). Fighting for Rights, or Parasites?. In: The Pimping of Prostitution. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95947-1_8

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