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Microbial Isoprenoid Production: An Example of Green Chemistry through Metabolic Engineering

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Book cover Biotechnology for the Future

Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology ((ABE,volume 100))

Abstract

Saving energy, cost efficiency, producing less waste, improving the biodegradability of products, potential for producing novel and complex molecules with improved properties, and reducing the dependency on fossil fuels as raw materials are the main advantages of using biotechnological processes to produce chemicals. Such processes are often referred to as green chemistry or white biotechnology. Metabolic engineering, which permits the rational design of cell factories using directed genetic modifications, is an indispensable strategy for expanding green chemistry. In this chapter, the benefits of using metabolic engineering approaches for the development of green chemistry are illustrated by the recent advances in microbial production of isoprenoids, a diverse and important group of natural compounds with numerous existing and potential commercial applications. Accumulated knowledge on the metabolic pathways leading to the synthesis of the principal precursors of isoprenoids is reviewed, and recent investigations into isoprenoid production using engineered cell factories are described.

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Abbreviations

ATP:

Adenosine triphosphate

CDP-ME:

4-diphosphocytidyl-2C-methyl-D-erythritol

CDP-ME2P:

2-phospho-4-diphosphocytidyl-2C-methyl-D-erythritol

CMP:

Cytidine monophosphate

CTP:

Cytidine triphosphate

CoA:

Coenzyme A

DMAPP:

Dimethylallyl diphosphate

DXP:

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

ERAD:

Endoplasmic reticulum associated degradation

FOH:

Farnesol

FPP:

Farnesyl diphosphate

GAP:

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

GGPP:

Geranylgeranyl diphosphate

GMO:

Genetically modified organism

GPP:

Geranyl diphosphate

HMBPP:

1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(E)-butenyl 4-diphosphate

HMG-CoA:

3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A

IPP:

Isopentenyl diphosphate

MECDP:

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate

MEP:

2-methylerythritol 4-phosphate

MCA:

Metabolic control analysis

MFA:

Metabolic flux analysis

mRNA:

Messenger ribonucleic acid

NADP:

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate

PEP:

Phosphoenolpyruvate

RNA:

Ribonucleic acid

TPP:

Thiamine diphosphate

tRNA:

Transfer ribonucleic acid

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Microbial Biotechnology, BioCentrum-DTU, Building 223, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark

    Jérôme Maury, Mohammad A. Asadollahi, Kasper Møller & Jens Nielsen

  2. Firmenich, Route des Jeunes 1, 1211, Genève 8, Switzerland

    Anthony Clark

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  1. Jérôme Maury
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  2. Mohammad A. Asadollahi
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  3. Kasper Møller
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  4. Anthony Clark
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  5. Jens Nielsen
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Correspondence to Jens Nielsen .

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Maury, J., Asadollahi, M.A., Møller, K., Clark, A., Nielsen, J. Microbial Isoprenoid Production: An Example of Green Chemistry through Metabolic Engineering . In: Nielsen, J. (eds) Biotechnology for the Future. Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology, vol 100. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/b136410

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