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Environmental Effects of Marine Finfish Aquaculture pp 409–432Cite as

Environmental Management and the Use of Sentinel Species

Part of the Handbook of Environmental Chemistry book series (HEC5,volume 5M)

Abstract

To be successful, environmental management must be comprehensive and take into account the activities of all participants who share that environment. In this chapter aquaculture is discussed as an activity in the marine coastal zone that not only shares the waters, but also has a particular need to maintain the quality of those waters. Emphasis is placed upon the need for an effective system of integrated coastal zone management. Environmental management problems stemming from aquaculture can be minimized by selection of the areas most suitable for culture, applying the best technology and maintaining operations at levels within the assimilative capacity of the area. The contributions of aquaculture to nutrification and pollution are presented and the need to understand their impacts is discussed. Treatment of infectious diseases among the farmed species as an integral part of a comprehensive environmental quality program is advocated. A central problem in environmental management is the lack of proven indicators of environmental quality. As the condition of the biota reflects the environmental conditions under which they live, it is considered possible to measure environmental quality by using captive and wild biota as sentinel species. These measurements can be made indirectly on whole animal or plant responses or directly through measurements of stress as revealed either by changes in blood constituents or on changing concentrations of stress proteins such as anti-microbial histone-like proteins of the skin, or from the array of heat shock proteins now better understood as stress proteins or molecular chaperones.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ecosystem Research Division, Science Branch, Department of Fisheries & Oceans, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, PO Box 1006, B2Y 4A2, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada

    James E. Stewart

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  1. James E. Stewart
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Correspondence to James E. Stewart .

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Barry T. Hargrave

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Stewart, J.E. Environmental Management and the Use of Sentinel Species . In: Hargrave, B.T. (eds) Environmental Effects of Marine Finfish Aquaculture. Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, vol 5M. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/b136020

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