Abstract
We introduce a new layout for high-bandwidth single-mode selectively oxidized vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) arrays operating at 980 nm or 850 nm emission wavelength for substrate or epitaxial side emission. Coplanar feeding lines and polyimide passivation are used to reduce electrical parasitics in top-emitting GaAs and bottom-emitting InGaAs VCSELs. In order to enhance fundamental single-mode emission for larger devices of reduced series resistance a surface relief transverse mode filter is employed. Fabricated VCSELs are applied in various interconnect schemes. In detail, we demonstrate 2.5 Gb/s pseudo-random data transmission with GaAs VCSELs at an emission wavelength of λ=835 nm over 120 μm core diameter step index plastic-optical fiber (POF) of 2.5 m length. InGaAs quantum-well based VCSELs at 935 nm emission wavelength are investigated for use in perfluorinated graded-index plastic-optical fiber (GI-POF) links. We obtain a 7 Gb/s pseudo random bit sequence (PRBS) non-return-to-zero (NRZ) data transmission over 80 m long 155 μm diameter GI-POF. We investigate data transmission over standard 1300 nm, 9 μm core diameter single-mode fiber using selectively oxidized single-mode GaAs or InGaAs VCSELs. We achieve biased 3 Gb/s and bias-free 1 Gb/s pseudo-random data transmission over 4.3 km at 830 nm emission wavelength where a simple fiber mode filter is used to suppress intermodal dispersion caused by the second order fiber mode. For the first time, we demonstrate 12.5 Gb/s data rate transmission of PRBS signals over 100 m graded-index multimode fiber or 1 km single-mode fiber using high performance single-mode GaAs VCSELs of 12.3 GHz modulation bandwidth emitting at λ=850 nm. Longer wave-length InGaAs VCSELs with emission at λ=1130 nm are used to transmit 2.5 Gb/s signals over 10 km of 9 μm standard fiber. For all data transmission experiments bit-error rates (BER) remain better than 10−11 for transmission of PRBS signals for back-to-back (BTB) testing as well as for fiber transmission.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Bibliography
Gigabit Ethernet Alliance, Gigabit Ethernet Whitepaper 1997, gigabit2.pdf (1997).
A.V. Krishnamoorthy, R.G. Rozier, J.E. Ford, and F.E. Kiamilev, IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 9, 1517 (1997).
D.L. Huffaker, D.G. Deppe, and K. Kumar, Appl. Phys. Lett. 65, 97 (1994).
D.G. Deppe, D.L. Huffaker, T. Oh, H. Deng, Q. Deng, IEEE J. Sel. Topics Quantum Electron. 3, 893 (1997).
R. Jäger, M. Grabherr, C. Jung, R. Michalzik, G. Reiner, B. Weigl, and K.J. Ebeling, Electron. Lett. 33, 330 (1997).
C. Jung, M. Grabherr, R. Jäger, P. Schnitzer, D. Wiedenmann, R. Michalzik, U. Martin, S. Müller, and K.J. Ebeling, Electron. Lett. 33, 1790 (1997).
K.L. Lear, V.M. Hietala, H.Q. Hou, M. Ochiai, J.J. Banas, B.E. Hammons, J.C. Zolper, and S.P. Kilcoyne, OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics, 15, 69 (1997).
F. Mederer, C. Jung, R. Jäger, M. Kicherer, R. Michalzik, P. Schnitzer, D. Wiedenmann, and K.J. Ebeling, in Proc. LEOS Annual Meeting 1999 2, 697 (1999).
Semiconductor Industry Association, The national technology roadmap for semiconductors, 1993–1994.
H. Hinton, IEEE J. Select. Topics in Quantum Electron. 14 (1996).
A.V. Krishnamoorthy and D.A.B. Miller, IEEE J. Select. Topics in Quantum Electron., 55 (1996).
L.J. Norton, F. Carney, N. Choi, C.K.Y. Chun, R.K. Denton Jr., D. Diaz, J. Knapp, M. Meyering, C. Ngo, S. Planner, G. Raskin, E. Reyes, J. Sauvageau, D.B. Schwartz, S.G. Shook, J. Yoder, and Y. Wen, in Proc. ECTC, 204 (1999).
H. Kosaka, M. Kajita, M. Yamada, and Y. Sugimoto, in ECTC, 382 (1997).
Y.S. Liu, R.J. Wojnarowski, W.A. Hennessy, J. Rowlette, J. Stack, M. Kadar-Kallen, E. Green, Y. Liu, J.P. Bristow, A. Peczalski, L. Eldada, J. Yardley, R.M. Osgood, R. Scarmozzino, S.H. Lee, and S. Patra, in Proc. ECTC, 391 (1997).
M. Usui, N. Matsuura, N. Sato, M. Nakamura, N. Tanaka, A. Ohki, M. Hikita, R. Yoshimura, K. Tateno, K. Katsura, and Y. Ando, in Proc. LEOS 1, 51 (1997).
A. Yuen, K. Giboney, E. Wong, L. Buckman, D. Haritos, P. Rosenberg, J. Straznicky, and D. Dolfi, in Proc. LEOS 2, 191 (1997).
R. Olshansky, P. Hill, V. Lanzisera, and W. Powasinik, IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 23, 1410 (1987).
S. Matsuo, T. Nakahara, K. Tateno, H. Tsuda, and T. Kurokawa, OSA Trends in Opt. and Photon. 14, 39 (1997).
H. Martinsson, J.A. Vukusic, M. Grabherr, R. Michalzik, R. Jäger, K.J. Ebeling, and A. Larsson, IEEE Photon. Techn. Lett. 11, 1536 (1999).
J.A. Lehman, R.A. Morgan, D. Carlson, M. Hagerott Crawford, K.D. Choquette, Electron. Lett. 33, 298 (1997).
Koike, in Proc. POF, 40 (1997).
T. Onishi, H. Murofushi, Y. Watanabe, Y. Takano, R. Yoshida, and M. Naritomi, in Proc. POF, 39 (1998).
A.W. Snyder, and J.D. Love, Optical Waveguide Theory, Chapman and Hall (New York, 1983), 311.
H.F. Taylor, IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 2, 617 (1984).
Marcuse, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 66, 216 (1976).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2000 Friedr. Vieweg & Sohn Verlagsgesellschaft mbH
About this paper
Cite this paper
Mederer, F. et al. (2000). High performance selectively oxidized VCSELs and arrays for parallel high-speed optical interconnects. In: Kramer, B. (eds) Advances in Solid State Physics 40. Advances in Solid State Physics, vol 40. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0108383
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0108383
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-41576-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-44560-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive