Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Metal speciation in solid wastes — Factors affecting mobility

  • Section 1 Analytical Techniques For Speciation Of Metals Detection And Role Of Mobile Metal Species
  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Speciation of Metals in Water, Sediment and Soil Systems

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences ((LNEARTH,volume 11))

Abstract

The availability of trace metals for metabolic processes is closely related to their chemical species both in solution and in particulate matter. For the differentiation of the solid metal species — e.g., cation exchangeable forms, carbonate phases, reducible fractions, associations with organic substances and sulfides, and the inert “residual” fractions — chemical extraction sequences have been developed, which can be used for (i) assessment of sources by characterization of typical speciation patterns, (ii) estimation of biological availability of metal pollutants, (iii) differentiation of geochemical environments, (iv) evaluation of diagenetic effects, and (v) estimation on the potential remobilization of metals under changing environmental condition. There is a tendency, that elements introduced with solid waste material are less stably bound than those in natural systems. Even at relative small proportions of these materials, therefore, mobilization (and subsequent transfer to biota) of potentially toxic elements by acidity, complexing agents, or redox changes, may be significantly increased.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Bernhard, M., F.E. Brinckman, and P.S. Sadler, Eds. The Importance of Chemical Speciation in Environmental Processes. Dahlem Konferenzen, September 2–7, 1984 Berlin. (Berlin: Springer, 1986).

    Google Scholar 

  2. Leppard, G.G., Ed. Trace Element Speciation in Surface Waters and Its Ecological Implications. Proc. NATO Advanced Research Workshop, Nov. 2–4, 1981 Nervi/Italy. (New York: Plenum Press, 1983).

    Google Scholar 

  3. Nriagu, J.O., Ed. Changing Metal Cycles and Human Health. Dahlem Konferenzen, March 20–25, 1983 in Berlin. Life Sciences Research Report 28. (Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1984).

    Google Scholar 

  4. Andreae, M.O., T. Asami, K.K. Bertine, P.E. Buat-Menard, R.A. Duce, Z. Filip, U. Förstner, E.D. Goldberg, H. Heinrichs, A.B. Jernelov, J.M. Pacyna, I. Thornton, H.J. Tobschall, W.H. Zoller. Changing Biogeochemical Cycles, Group Report [3], pp. 359–374.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Wood, J.M., A.M. Chakrabarty, P.J. Craig, U. Förstner, B.A. Fowler, U. Herms, I.S. Krull, D. Mackay, G.J. Olson, D.H. Russell, W. Salomons, S. Silver. Speciation in Systems under Stress, Group Report [1]. pp. 425–441

    Google Scholar 

  6. Förstner, U. In: H. Bolt et al., Eds. Interactions at the Soil Colloid — Soil Solution Interface. Proc. ISSS/NATO Advanced Research Workshop, August 25–29, 1986 at Gent/Belgium.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Salomons, W., and U. Förstner. Metals in the Hydrocycle. (Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1984).

    Google Scholar 

  8. Ng, A., and C.C. Patterson. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 45: 2109–2121 (1981).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Müller, G. In: Proc. Intern. Conf. Heavy Metals in the Environment, Amsterdam (Edinburgh: CEP Consultants, 1981), pp. 12–17.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Campbell, P.G.C., P.M. Stokes, and J.N. Galloway. In: Proceedings International Conference Heavy Metals in the Environment, Heidelberg (Edinburgh: CEP Consultants, 1983), pp. 760–763.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Förstner, U. In: Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, Vol. 3/Part A, O. Hutzinger, Ed. (Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1980), p. 59.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Keller, L., and P.H. Brunner. Ecotox. Env. Saf. 7: 141–150 (1983).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Yost, K.J. In Cadmium-79, Edited Proc. Second Intern. Cadmium Conference, Cannes (London: Metal Bulletin, 1980), pp. 11–20.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Nriagu, J.O. In: Cadmium in the Environment, Part 1, Ecological Cycling, J.O. Nriagu, Ed. (New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1980), p. 71.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Nürnberg, H.W., P. Valenta, and V.D. Nguyen. In: Proceedings International Conference Heavy Metals in the Environment, Heidelberg (Edinburgh: CEP Consultants, 1983), pp. 115–123.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Mayer, R. Göttinger Bodenkundliche Berichte 70: 1–152 (1981).

    Google Scholar 

  17. Heinrichs, H. "Die Untersuchung von Gesteinen und Gewässern auf Cd, Sb, Hg, Tl, Pb, und Bi mit der flammenlosen Atomabsorptions-Spektralphotometrie." Doctoral Dissertation, Universitat Göttingen, Göttingen/FRG (1975).

    Google Scholar 

  18. Trefry, J.H. "The Transport of Heavy Metals by the Mississippi River and their Fate in the Gulf of Mexico." PhD Dissertation, Texas A&M University, Dallas (1977).

    Google Scholar 

  19. Carpenter, J.H., W.L. Bradford, and V. Grant. In: Estuarine Research, Vol. 1, L.E. Cronin, Ed. (New York: Academic Press, 1975), p. 137.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Troup, B.N., and O.P. Bricker. In: Marine Chemistry in the Coastal Environment, T.M. Church, Ed. (Washington, D.C.: Amer. Chem. Soc., 1975). ACS Symp. Ser. 18: 133–151.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Baccini, P. Z. Hydrol. 38: 121–158 (1976).

    Google Scholar 

  22. Bruland, K.W. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 47: 176–198 (1980).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Förstner, U. and W. Salomons. In: [2] pp. 245–273 (1983).

    Google Scholar 

  24. Förstner, U. In: W. Bechteler, Ed., Transport of Suspended Solids in Open Channels, Proceedings of Euromech 192, Munich, June 11–15, 1985. (Rotterdam: A.A. Balkema Publ. 1986).

    Google Scholar 

  25. Jenne, E.A., Ed. "Chemical Modeling in Aquatic Systems". ACS Symposium Series 93 (Washington, D.C.: American Chemical Society 1979), 914 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Salomons, W. Environ. Technol. Letts. 6: 315–326 (1985).

    Google Scholar 

  27. Benjamin, M.M., K.L. Hayes, and J.O. Leckie. J. Water Pollut. Control Fed. 54: 1472–1481 (1982).

    Google Scholar 

  28. Duursma, E.K., C. Hoede, C.J. Bosch, and D. Eisma. Neth. J. Sea Res. 3: 423–457 (1967); 4: 395–469 (1970); 6: 265–324 (1973).

    Google Scholar 

  29. Allan, R.J. "The Role of Particulate Matter in the Fate of Contaminants in Aquatic Ecosystems. National Water Research Institute, Scientific Series No. 142. (Burlington: CCIW, 1986).

    Google Scholar 

  30. Maes, A., and A. Cremers. In: Speciation of Fission and Activation Products in the Environment, R.A. Bulman and J.R. Cooper, Eds., pp. 93–100 (London: Elsevier Applied Science Publ. 1986).

    Google Scholar 

  31. Brümmer, G., J. Gerth, and U. Herms. Z. Pflanzenernährung Bodenkunde 149: 382–398 (1986).

    Google Scholar 

  32. Schoer, J., and U. Förstner. In: Proc. First Intern. Conf. on Environmental Contamination, London, July 1984, pp. 738–745 (Edinburgh: CEP Consultants, 1984).

    Google Scholar 

  33. Leckie, J.O. In: [1] (1986).

    Google Scholar 

  34. Lion, L.W., R.S. Altman, and J.O. Leckie. Environ. Sci. Technol. 16: 660–666 (1982).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Förstner, U., W. Ahlf, W. Calmano, and C. Sellhorn. In: Proc. First Intern. Conf. on Environmental Contamination, London, July 1984, pp. 567–572 (Edinburgh: CEP Consultants, 1984).

    Google Scholar 

  36. Wollast, R. Water Sci. Technol. 14: 107–125 (1982).

    Google Scholar 

  37. Malle, K.-G. Z. Wasser Abwasser Forsch. 18: 207–209 (1985).

    Google Scholar 

  38. Förstner, U. In: [3] pp. 71–94 (1984).

    Google Scholar 

  39. Farmer, M.E., and R.W. Linton. Environ. Sci. Technol. 18: 319–326 (1984).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Keyser, T.R., D.F.S. Natusch, C.A. Evans jr., R.W. Linton Environ. Sci. Technol. 12: 768–773 (1978).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Förstner, U. In: R. Leschber, R.D. Davis, and P. L'Hermite, Eds., Chemical Methods for Assessing Bio-Available Metals in Sludges and Soils, pp. 1–30. (London: Elsevier Applied Science, 1985).

    Google Scholar 

  42. Ham, R.K., M.A. Anderson, R. Standforth, and R. Stegmann. Background Study on the Development of a Standard Leaching Test. EPA-600/2-79-109. Washington D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Engler, R.M., J.M. Brannon, J. Rose, and G. Bigham. In: Chemistry of Marine Sediments, T.F. Yen, Ed. (Ann Arbor/Mich.: Ann Arbor Sci. Publ., 1977) p. 163.

    Google Scholar 

  44. Tessier, A., P.G.C. Campbell, and M. Bisson. Anal. Chem. 51: 844–851 (1979).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Lum, K.R., J.S. Betteridge, and R.R. Macdonald. Environ. Technol. Letts. 3: 57–62 (1982).

    Google Scholar 

  46. Harrison, R.M., D.P.H. Laxen, and S.J. Wilson. Environ. Sci. Technol. 15: 1378–1383 (1981).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Förstner, U., W. Calmano, K. Conradt, H. Jaksch, C. Schimkus, and J. Schoer. In: Proc. Intern. Conf. Heavy Metals in the Environment, Amsterdam (Edinburgh: CEP Consultants, 1981), pp. 698–704.

    Google Scholar 

  48. Fraser, J.L., and K.R. Lum. Env. Sci. Technol. 17: 52–54 (1982).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Schoer, J., and U. Nagel. Naturwissenschaften 67: 261 (1980).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Luoma, S.N. Sci. Total Environ. 28: 1–22 (1983).

    Google Scholar 

  51. Diks, D.M., and H.E. Allen. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 30: 37–43 (1983).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Harris, W.R., and D. Silberman. Environ. Sci. Technol. 17: 139–145 (1983).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. Berner, R.A. J. Sediment. Petrol. 51: 359–365 (1981).

    Google Scholar 

  54. Kersten, M., and U. Förstner. Mar. Chem. (in press)

    Google Scholar 

  55. Salomons, W. Environ. Technol. Letts. 1: 506–517 (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  56. Förstner, U., and J. Schoer. Environ. Technol. Letts. 5: 295–306 (1984).

    Google Scholar 

  57. Calmano, W., and U. Förstner. Sci. Total Env. 28: 77–90 (1983).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  58. Khalid, R.A., W.H. Patrick, and R.P. Gambrell. Estuar. Coastal Mar. Sci. 6: 21–35 (1978).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. Thomson, E.A., S.N. Luoma, D.J. Cain, and C. Johansson. Water Air Soil Pollut. 74: 215–233 (1980).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  60. Kersten, M., and U. Förstner. Water Sci. Technol. 18: 121–130 (1986).

    Google Scholar 

  61. Lee, G.F., J.M. Lopez, and M.D. Piwoni. In: P.A. Krenkel, J. Harrison, and J.C. Burdick, Eds., Proc. Special Conf. Dredging and its Environmental Effects, pp. 253–288. (New York: ASCE, 1976).

    Google Scholar 

  62. Engler, R.M. In: R.A. Baker, Ed., Contaminants and Sediments, Vol. 1, pp. 143–169. (Ann Arbor: Ann Arbor Sci. Publ., 1980).

    Google Scholar 

  63. Kersten, M., and U. Förstner. In: E.T. Degens, S. Kempe, and R. Herrera, Eds., Transport of Carbon and Minerals in Major World Rivers, Vol. 3, pp. 631–645. (Hamburg: Geolog.-Palaontol. Inst. Univ., 1985).

    Google Scholar 

  64. Kersten, M., and U. Förstner. In: J.O. Nriagu, Ed., Cadmium in the Aquatic Environment. (New York: Wiley, 1987).

    Google Scholar 

  65. Jenne, E.A. In: W. Chappell and K. Petersen, Eds., Symp. on Molybdenum, pp. 425–553. (New York: Marcel Dekker, 1977).

    Google Scholar 

  66. Gambrell, R.P., R.A. Khalid, and W.H. Patrick. Disposal Alternatives for Contaminated Dredged Material as a Management Tool to Minimize Environmental Effects. Tech. Report DS-78-8. (Vicksburg-/Miss.: U.S. Army Engineer WES, 1978).

    Google Scholar 

  67. Khalid, R.A. In: J.O. Nriagu, Ed., Cadmium in the Environment, Vol. 1, pp. 257–304. (New York: Wiley, 1980).

    Google Scholar 

  68. Salomons, W., and U. Förstner, Eds. Management of Mine Tailings and Dredged Materials. (Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1987).

    Google Scholar 

  69. Fagerström, T., and A. Jernelöv. Water Res. 6: 1193–1202 (1972).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  70. Hoeks, J. Water Air Soil Pollut. (1986, in press).

    Google Scholar 

  71. Dickson, W. In: D. Drablos, and A. Tollan, Eds., Ecological Impact of Acid Precipitation, pp. 75–83 (Oslo-Aas: SNSF-Project, 1980).

    Google Scholar 

  72. Herms, U., and G. Brümmer. Mitt. Deutsche Bodenkundl. Ges. 27: 23–34 (1978).

    Google Scholar 

  73. Förstner, U. In: Proc. 4th Intern. Wadden Sea Symp. The Role of Organic Matter in the Wadden Sea. Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Publ. Ser. No. 10-1984, p. 195 (1984).

    Google Scholar 

  74. Prause, B., E. Rehm, and M. Schulz-Baldes. Environ. Technol. Letts. 6: 261–266 (1985).

    Google Scholar 

  75. Hunt, C.D., and D.L. Smith. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 40: 132–142 (1983).

    Google Scholar 

  76. Berman, M., and R. Bartha. Environ. Pollut. 11: 41–53 (1986).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  77. Kersten, M., U. Förstner, M. Kerner, and H. Kausch. In: Transactions XIII. Congress Intern. Soc. Soil Science, Hamburg, August 1986, Vol. II, pp. 348–349 (1986).

    Google Scholar 

  78. Patrick, W.H., B.G. Williams, and J.T. Moraghan. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 37: 331–332 (1973).

    Google Scholar 

  79. Spivey Fox, M.R. et al. Cereal Chem. 58: 6–11 (1981).

    Google Scholar 

  80. McKenzie, J.M. In [3] pp. 187–198 (1984).

    Google Scholar 

  81. Allen, H.E., R.H. Hall, and T.D. Brisbin. Environ. Sci. Technol. 14: 441–443 (1980).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  82. Pankow, J.F., and J.J. Morgan. Environ. Sci. Technol. 15: 1306–1313 (1981).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  83. Craft, D. Preprint Extended Abstr. Div. Env. Chem. ACS-Meeting New York, April 1986, p. 236–238 (1986).

    Google Scholar 

  84. Engel, D.W., and B.A. Fowler. Environ. Health Perspect. 28: 81–88 (1979).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  85. Florence, T.M., and J.L. Stauber. Aquat. Toxicol. 8: 11–26 (1986).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  86. Pickering, W.F. Critical Review Anal. Chem. 12: 233–266 (1981).

    Google Scholar 

  87. Luoma, S.N., and G.W. Bryan. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 58: 793–802.

    Google Scholar 

  88. Carignan, R., F. Rapin, and A. Tessier. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 49: 2493–2497 (1985).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  89. Munawar, M., R.L. Thomas, H. Shear, P. McKee, and A. Mudroch. "An Overview of Sediment-Associated Contaminants and their Bioassessment". Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences No. 1253 (1984), 136 p.

    Google Scholar 

  90. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Corps of Engineers. Ecological Evaluation of Proposed Discharge of Dredged Material into Ocean Water. U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg/Miss. (1977).

    Google Scholar 

  91. Ahlf, W. Vom Wasser 65: 183–188 (1985).

    Google Scholar 

  92. Rulkens, W.H., J.W. Assink, and W.J.Th. Van Gemert. In: M.A. Smith, Ed., Contaminated Land — Reclamation and Treatment, pp. 37–90. (New York: Plenum Press, 1985).

    Google Scholar 

  93. Gambrell, R.P., C.N. Reddy, and R.A. Khalid. J. Water Pollut. Control Fed. 55: 1201–1213 (1983).

    Google Scholar 

  94. Calmano, W., U. Förstner, M. Kersten, and D. Krause. In: J.W. Assink, and W.J. Van Den Brink, Eds., Contaminated Soil, pp. 737–746. (Dordrecht/The Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff Publ., 1986).

    Google Scholar 

  95. Jernelöv, A., and H. Lann. Env. Sci. Technol. 7: 712–718 (1973).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  96. Wolery, T.J., and L.J. Walters. Proc. 17th Conf. Great Lakes Res., IAGLR, pp. 235–249 (1974).

    Google Scholar 

  97. Reimers, R.S., P.A. Krenkel, M. Eagle, and G. Tragift. In: P.A. Krenkel, Ed., Heavy Metals in the Aquatic Environment, pp. 117–136. (Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1975).

    Google Scholar 

  98. Singer, P.C., and W. Stumm. Science 167: 1121–1123 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  99. Andrews, R.D. In: Proc. Intern. Conf. Heavy Metals in the Environment, Toronto, 1975, Vol. II/2, pp. 645–675. (Toronto: University of Toronto, 1975).

    Google Scholar 

  100. Kester, D.R., B.H. Ketchum, I.W. Duedall, and P.K. Park, Eds. Dredged-Material Disposal in the Ocean. (New York: Wiley, 1983).

    Google Scholar 

  101. Förstner, U., W. Ahlf, W. Calmano, and M. Kersten. In: G. Kullenberg, Ed., The Role of the Oceans as a Waste Disposal Option, pp. 597–615. (Dordrecht: D. Reidel Publ. Co., 1986).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Arbeitsbereich Umweltschutztechnik, Technische Universität Hamburg-Harburg, Postfach 90 14 03, D-2100, Hamburg 90

    Ulrich Förstner

Authors
  1. Ulrich Förstner
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Lars Landner

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1987 Springer-Verlag

About this paper

Cite this paper

Förstner, U. (1987). Metal speciation in solid wastes — Factors affecting mobility. In: Landner, L. (eds) Speciation of Metals in Water, Sediment and Soil Systems. Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences, vol 11. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0019691

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0019691

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-18071-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-47733-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation