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Evaluating the Impact of Climate Change on Antimicrobial Resistance and Rise in Dysentery Using Next Generation Sequencing Based Approaches

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Microbiology-2.0 Update for a Sustainable Future

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Abstract

Climate change, typically manifesting itself in the form of rising global temperature and frequently occurring drastic weather phenomena, has become the new norm for the twenty-first century. Incidence of infectious diseases like dysentery together with the evolution and spread of multi-drug resistant pathogens, appear as the two most vulnerable aspects of the ongoing climate crisis. The altered climatic conditions, can influence a myriad of events, from pathogen replication and survival to accelerating the exchange of resistant genes between microbes, thereby amplifying the occurrence of food and water borne infections and simultaneously lowering the efficacy of available antibiotics. The need of the hour is to develop and standardize rapid in situ detection methods which will enable us to estimate the extent of pathogenic microbes in a particular site effectively. Use of short read and long read sequencing methods coupled with standard culture dependent paradigms offers us a very rapid protocol for evaluating disease burden and estimating the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARG’S). This chapter highlights the impact of the effects of individual climatic determinants, like, temperature, relative humidity, droughts, floods, etc., on the magnitude and frequency of dysentery occurrence and emergence of resistant strains and provides a detailed methodology of microbial monitoring from environmental niches using next generation sequencing based techniques.

These authors “Sarmishta Mukhopadhyay, Rupsha Karmakar” have equally contributed to the current work.

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Acknowledgements

The authors hereby express their sincere gratitude to the authorities of their respective institutions for their constant support and for providing the necessary infrastructure for completion of the work. Authors acknowledge the funding provided by the DBT Grant (BT/INF/22/SP41296/2020) from the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India and the Intramural Grant (IMSXC2023-24/003) awarded to Dr. Sayak Ganguli by St. Xavier's College (Autonomous) Kolkata.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Post Graduate and Research Department of Biotechnology, St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), Kolkata, India

    Sarmishta Mukhopadhyay & Sayak Ganguli

  2. Post Graduate and Research Department of Microbiology, St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), Kolkata, India

    Rupsha Karmakar & Mahashweta Mitra Ghosh

  3. Singur Government General Degree College, Singur, India

    Santanu Chakrabarti

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  1. Sarmishta Mukhopadhyay
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Correspondence to Sayak Ganguli .

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  1. Amity Institute of Environmental Sciences, Amity University, Noida, India

    Juhi Gupta

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, India

    Akarsh Verma

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Mukhopadhyay, S., Karmakar, R., Chakrabarti, S., Ghosh, M.M., Ganguli, S. (2024). Evaluating the Impact of Climate Change on Antimicrobial Resistance and Rise in Dysentery Using Next Generation Sequencing Based Approaches. In: Gupta, J., Verma, A. (eds) Microbiology-2.0 Update for a Sustainable Future. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-9617-9_17

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