Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Application of NBM and WERA Assessment Methods in Work Posture Analysis of Car Seat Assembly Operators in the Automotive Industry Final Line

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Intelligent Manufacturing and Mechatronics (iM3F 2023)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems ((LNNS,volume 850))

Included in the following conference series:

  • 46 Accesses

Abstract

Car assembly is assembling the components to become a complete car. The car assembly process consists of three lines: trimming, chassis and final. Assembling a car seat is one of the activities with a heavy workload by using several body parts in the work found in the final line. The work process is done manually and repetitively, such as taking, pushing, pulling and assembling the seat into the car. These activities can cause pain and injury in several parts of the worker’s body, called MSD. This injury will have an impact on the unevenness of the assembly process in achieving the production target. There are two seat assembly workers. This research aims to identify employee complaints to determine the level of MSD risk and the body parts of the employee that dominate feeling very sick by applying the NBM and WERA methods. The application of NBM gives the results of body parts that dominate feeling very painful during the work process which consists of the lower neck, back, waist, bottom, lower arm and ankle, which are included in the “Medium” risk level with each total score of 24 operators 1 and 27 operators 2. WERA gave the results of four activities included in the “medium” risk level with a total score of > 30, and one activity was in the “low” risk level with a total score of 25; hence, further review and action are needed. Corrective action can be given as an ergonomic design of automatic aids that can move independently without human assistance to facilitate the work process.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Amrina E, Yusof SM (2011) Key performance indicators for sustainable manufacturing evaluation in automotive companies. In: 2011 IEEE international conference on industrial engineering and engineering management, pp 1093–1097. IEEE, Singapore

    Google Scholar 

  2. Szirmai A, Verspagen B (2015) Manufacturing and economic growth in developing countries, 1950–2005. Struct Chang Econ Dyn 34:46–59

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Jamil M, Razali NM (2016) Simulation of assembly line balancing in automotive component manufacturing. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng 114:1–8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Nelfiyanti N, Mohamed MR, Ramadhan AI (2022) Parameters of effects in decision making of automotive assembly line using the Analytical Hierarchy Process method. CIRP J Manuf Sci Technol 37:370–377

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Rahdiana (2017) Identifikasi Risiko Ergonomi Operator Mesin Potong Guillotine dengan Metode Nordic Body Map (Studi Kasus di PT. XZY). Industry Xplore 2(1):1–12

    Google Scholar 

  6. Yazdanirad S, Khoshakhlagh AH, Habibi E, Zare A, Zeinodini M, Dehghani F (2018) Comparing the effectiveness of three ergonomic risk assessment methods—RULA, LUBA, and NERPA—to predict the upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders. Indian journal of occupational and environmental medicine 22(1):17–21

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Mohamed NMZN (2020) Quick response manufacturing and ergonomic consequences in manufacturing environment. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng 788:1–9

    Google Scholar 

  8. Chakravarthya SP, Gl SKS (2015) Ergonomic assessment and risk reduction of automobile assembly tasks using postural assessment tools. Int J Res Sci Management 2(6):39–42

    Google Scholar 

  9. Amin ANM, Mahmood WHW, Kamat SR, Abdullah I (2018) Conceptual framework of lean ergonomics for assembly process: PDCA approach. J Eng Sci Res 2(1):51–62

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Nelfiyanti MN, Rashid MFFA, Chin Seik C (2023) Ergonomic chair design in minimizing MSD chassis assembly workers complaints using ergonomic function deployment (EFD). In: Hassan MHA, Zohari MH, Kadirgama K, Mohamed NAN, Aziz A (eds) Technological Advancement in Instrumentation and Human Engineering. ICMER 2021. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 882, pp 73–87. Springer, Singapore

    Google Scholar 

  11. Chin J, Iridiastadi H, Shu-Chiang L, Persada SF (2019) Workload analysis by using nordic body map, Borg RPE and NIOSH manual lifting equation analyses: a case study in sheet metal industry. J Phys Conf Ser 1424(1):1–6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Nelfiyanti N, Mohamed N, Azhar NAJ (2021) Identification of Ergonomic Issues Among Malaysian Automotive Assembly Workers by Using the Nordic Body Map Method. In: Osman Zahid MN, Abdul Sani AS, Mohamad Yasin MR, Ismail Z, Che Lah NA, Mohd Turan F (eds) Recent trends in manufacturing and materials towards industry 4.0. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer, Singapore, pp 69–81

    Google Scholar 

  13. Susihono W, Gunawan G (2018) Design of standard operating procedure (SOP) based at ergonomic working attitude through musculoskeletal disorders (MSD’s) complaints. In: The 1st International Conference on Industrial, Electrical and Electronics (ICIEE 2018) on MATEC web of conferences, vol 218. EDP Sciences, pp 1–8

    Google Scholar 

  14. Kee D (2021) Comparison of OWAS, RULA and REBA for assessing potential work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Int J Ind Ergon 83:103140

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Middlesworth M (2012) A step-by-step guide rapid upper limb assessment (RULA). Ergonom Plus 13

    Google Scholar 

  16. Al Madani D, Dababneh A (2016) Rapid entire body assessment: a literature review. Am J Eng Appl Sci 9(1):107–118

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Middlesworth M (2014) A step-by-step guide rapid entire body assessment (REBA). Ergonomics Plus Inc 31:1–11

    Google Scholar 

  18. Grzybowska K (2010) An OWAS-based analysis of storekeeper workloads. Logist Transp 10(1):57–63

    Google Scholar 

  19. Saedpanah K, Motamedzade M, Salimi K, Eskandari T, Samaei SE (2018) Physical risk factors among construction workers by Workplace Ergonomic Risk Assessment (WERA) method. Archiv Occup Health 2(1):56–62

    Google Scholar 

  20. Andreas GWJ, Johanssons E (2018) Observational methods for assessing ergonomic risks for work-related musculoskeletal disorders: a scoping review. Rev Ciencias Salud 16(SPE):8–38

    Google Scholar 

  21. Dos Santos ZG, Vieira L, Balbinotti G (2015) Lean Manufacturing and ergonomic working conditions in the automotive industry. Proc Manuf 3:5947–5954

    Google Scholar 

  22. Nurwahidah A (2019) Ergonomics risk analysis of public transportation drivers (study case: public transportation drivers in Makassar City. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng 505(1):1–7

    Google Scholar 

  23. Bidiawati A, Setiawati L, Kurnia Y (2018) Tools design of bread production process to minimize musculoskeletal disorders based on OCRA method. Int J Eng Technol 7(2.29):106–109

    Google Scholar 

  24. Nelfiyanti MN, Ab Rashid MFF (2022) Ergonomics study in quick response manufacturing (QRM) automotive workstation environment to overcome employee complaints. In: Hassan MHA et al. (eds) Human-centered technology for a better tomorrow. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, pp 681–693. Springer, Singapore

    Google Scholar 

  25. Sofyan DK (2019) Determination of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) complaints level with Nordic Body Map (NBM). IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng 505(1):1–6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Wahyudi MA, Dania WA, Silalahi RL (2015) Work posture analysis of manual material handling using OWAS method. Agric Agric Sci Proc 3:195–199

    Google Scholar 

  27. Tarwaka H (2015) Ergonomi Industri Dasar-Dasar Pengetahuan Ergonomi dan Aplikasi di Tempat Kerja Edisi II. Harapan Press in Indonesian Language, Surakarta

    Google Scholar 

  28. Siska M, Harahap AA (2022) Improvement in body posture of Sumedang Tofu small enterprise workers using workplace ergonomic risk assessment (WERA). Indus J Teknol Manajemen Agroindus 11(2):128–138

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Abd Rahman MN, Rani MRA, Rohani JM (2011) WERA: an observational tool develop to investigate the physical risk factor associated with WMSDs. J Human Ergol 40(1_2):19–36

    Google Scholar 

  30. Pratiwi I, Munfi’ah FR, Sufa MF (2019) Evaluation of work posture in Sohun noodles workers using OWAS and WERA method. Int J Innov Technol Explor Eng 8(11):1788–1793

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Aliafari N, Pertiwi OR, Anugerah MT, Sari F (2018) Analisis Eksposur Kerja pada Lini Produksi Batik Menggunakan Metode Workplace Ergonomic Risk Assessment. In: Seminar dan Konferensi Nasional IDEC 2018, pp 1–6. Surakarta

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta, 10510, Jakarta, Indonesia

    N. Nelfiyanti

  2. Faculty of Manufacturing and Mechatronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, 26600, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia

    Nik Mohd Zuki Nik Mohamed

Authors
  1. N. Nelfiyanti
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Nik Mohd Zuki Nik Mohamed
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nik Mohd Zuki Nik Mohamed .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Manufacturing and Mechatronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Pekan, Malaysia

    Wan Hasbullah Mohd. Isa

  2. Faculty of Manufacturing and Mechatronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Pekan, Malaysia

    Ismail Mohd. Khairuddin

  3. Faculty of Manufacturing and Mechatronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Pekan, Malaysia

    Mohd. Azraai Mohd. Razman

  4. Faculty of Manufacturing and Mechatronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Pekan, Malaysia

    Sarah 'Atifah Saruchi

  5. School of Intelligent Manufacturing Ecosystem, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China

    Sze-Hong Teh

  6. Department of Computer Science, University of York, York, UK

    Pengcheng Liu

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2024 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Nelfiyanti, N., Nik Mohamed, N.M.Z. (2024). Application of NBM and WERA Assessment Methods in Work Posture Analysis of Car Seat Assembly Operators in the Automotive Industry Final Line. In: Mohd. Isa, W.H., Khairuddin, I.M., Mohd. Razman, M.A., Saruchi, S.'., Teh, SH., Liu, P. (eds) Intelligent Manufacturing and Mechatronics. iM3F 2023. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 850. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8819-8_27

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8819-8_27

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-99-8818-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-99-8819-8

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation