Demand-Supply of Agri-food Commodities in India

Abstract

Indian agri-food system has transformed from a deficit to self-sufficient and surplus, and from import to export oriented. The production as well as consumption of different food commodities increased and diversified remarkably. The production and consumption diversified in favor of high-value commodities such as fruits, vegetables, dairy products, meat, and fish. The per capita consumption of cereals and coarse cereals declined overtime. There are projections that India will continue to be surplus in rice, wheat, milk, fruits, vegetables, fish but deficit in pulses and edible oils. Role of technologies and policies will play key role in increasing enough production to minimize import of pulses and edible oils.

The paper is prepared for a Lead Lecture in the XVI Agricultural Science Congress on “Transforming Agri-food Systems for Achieving Sustainable Development Goals”, scheduled to be held on 10-13 Oct 2023 in Kochi, Kerala.