Abstract
In this qualitative study, students’ and teachers’ perceptions of ChatGPT in English Language Teaching and Learning in EAP and ESP courses at a Hong Kong university with English language instruction (EMI) are examined to determine what opportunities and challenges higher education may face when it comes to the teaching and learning of English language in EAP and ESP courses. In the study, fourteen university lecturers were interviewed along with sixteen students in Years 1, 2, and 4. In spite of the preferences of ESL students at the university level in terms of the use of ChatGPT, it is also evident that there are high barriers to its use among teaching staff at the front line. According to the results of this study, all stakeholders in higher education, including students, front-line teachers, and university policymakers, should use this study as a springboard for narrowing down the differences and recognizing the utility of Artificial Intelligence, particularly ChatGPT in higher education.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Aziz Hussin, A. (2018). Education 4.0 made simple: Ideas for teaching. International Journal of Education and Literacy Studies, 6(3), 92. https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijels.v.6n.3p.92
Baker, T., & Smith, L. (2019). Educ-AI-tion rebooted? Exploring the future of artificial intelligence in schools and colleges. Nesta Foundation. https://media.nesta.org.uk/documents/Future_of_AI_and_education_v5_WEB.pdf
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Boud, D. (1990). Assessment and the promotion of academic values. Studies in Higher Education (Dorchester-on-Thames), 15(1), 101–111. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079012331377621
Churches, A. (2007). Bloom’s digital taxonomy. https://www.pdst.ie/sites/default/files/BloomDigitalTaxonomy-AndrewChurches.pdf
Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2018). Research methods in education (8th ed.). Routledge.
Cotton, D., Cotton, P., & Shipway, J. R. (2023). Chatting and cheating. Ensuring academic integrity in the era of ChatGPT. https://doi.org/10.1080/14703297.2023.2190148
Duolingo (2023). Duolingo investor relations. https://investors.duolingo.com/
Flowerdew, J., & Miller, L. (2010). Listening in a second language. In A. D. Wolvin (Ed.), Listening and human communication in the 21st century (pp. 158–177). Wiley-Blackwell.
Fryer, L. K., Nakao, K., & Thompson, A. (2019). Chatbot learning partners: Connecting learning experiences, interest and competence. Computers in Human Behavior, 93, 279–289.
Ginsenberg, M. (2012). Essentials of artificial intelligence. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers. https://doi.org/10.5555/2974989
Goldman, S. (2022). Why ChatGPT is having an iPhone moment (with a unique twist). VentureBeat. http://bit.ly/3ZHr75R
Graham, S. (2017). Research into practice: Listening strategies in an instructed classroom setting. Language Teaching, 50, 107–119. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444816000306
Har, F., & Ma, W. L. B. (2023). The future of education utilizing an artificial intelligence robot in the centre for independent language learning: Teacher perceptions of the robot as a service. In C. Hong & W. W. K. Ma (Eds.), Applied degree education and the shape of things to come. Springer.
Harvard University (2021). Digital innovation and transformation. https://d3.harvard.edu/platform-digit/submission/knewton-personalizes-learning-with-the-power-of-ai/
Hayat, A. A., Shateri, K., Amini, M., & Shokrpour, N. (2020). Relationships between academic self-efficacy, learning-related emotions, and metacognitive learning strategies with academic performance in medical students: a structural equation model. BMC Medical Education, 20(76). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-020-01995-9
Holmes, W., Hui, Z., Miao, F. & Ronghuai, H. (2021). AI and education: A guidance for policymakers. UNESCO Publishing.
Hopp, C., & Speil, A. (2021). How prevalent is plagiarism among college students? Anonymity preserving evidence from Austrian undergraduates. Accountability in Research, 28(3), 133–148.
Jackson, P. C. (2019). Introduction to artificial intelligence (3rd ed.). Courier Dover Publications.
Kessler, G. (2018). Technology and the future of language teaching. Foreign Language Annals, 51(1), 205–218. https://doi.org/10.1111/flan.12318
Kim, N. Y. (2018). A study on chatbots for developing Korean college students’ English listening and reading skills. Journal of Digital Convergence, 16(8), 19–26.
Knewton. (2023). About Alta. https://www.wiley.com/en-us/education/alta
Kohnke, L., Moorhouse, B. L., & Zou, D. (2023). ChatGPT for language teaching and learning. RELC Journal. https://doi.org/10.1177/00336882231162868
Merriam, S. B. (2009). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Melguizo, T., & Coates, H. (2017). The value of assessing higher education student learning outcomes. AERA open, 3(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/2332858417715417
Neufast (2022). About us. https://www.neufast.com/about-us
Nuance (2023). Company overview. https://www.nuance.com/company-overview/what-we-do.html
OpenAI. (2015). Introducing OpenAI. https://openai.com/blog/introducing-openai
Picard, M., & Velautham, L. (2016). Developing independent listening skills for english as an additional language students. International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 28(1), 52–65.
Pokrivcakova, S. (2019). Preparing teachers for the application of AI-powered technologies in foreign language education. Journal of Language and Cultural Education, 7(3), 135–153. https://doi.org/10.2478/jolace-2019-0025
Querium (2022). What is StepWise AI? https://www.querium.com/ai/
Rohalevych, V. (2020). Essentials of Artificial Intelligence for Language Learning. Intellias. https://www.intellias.com/how-ai-helps-crack-a-new-language/
University of Oxford (2023). Four lessons from ChatGPT: Challenges and opportunities for educators. https://www.ctl.ox.ac.uk/article/four-lessons-from-chatgpt-challenges-and-opportunities-for-educators
Funding
The author received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Har, F. (2023). Teaching English as a Second Language in the Midst of a Paradigm Shift: An Exploration of Students’ and Teachers’ Perception of ChatGPT. In: TSO, A.W.B., CHAN, W.W.L., NG, S.K.K., BAI, T.S., LO, N.P.K. (eds) Critical Reflections on ICT and Education. Educational Communications and Technology Yearbook. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-7559-4_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-7559-4_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-99-7558-7
Online ISBN: 978-981-99-7559-4
eBook Packages: EducationEducation (R0)