Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of the datasets utilized, outlines the employed evaluation methods encompassing classification metrics and clustering indices, and elucidates the validation technique implemented.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Thorpe W, Kurver M, King G, Salome C (2001) Acoustic analysis of cough. In: The seventh Australian and New Zealand intelligent information systems conference. IEEE, pp 391–394
Polverino M, Polverino F, Fasolino M, Ando F, Alfieri A, De Blasio F (2012) Anatomy and neuro-pathophysiology of the cough reflex arc. Multidiscip Respir Med 7(1):5
Orlandic L, Teijeiro T, Atienza D (2021) The COUGHVID crowdsourcing dataset, a corpus for the study of large-scale cough analysis algorithms. Sci Data 8(1):156
Sharma N, Krishnan P, Kumar R, Ramoji S, Raj S, Chetupalli NR, Ghosh PK, Ganapathy S (2020) Coswara--a database of breathing, cough, and voice sounds for COVID-19 diagnosis. arXiv preprint arXiv:2005.10548
Irwin RS, Master FCCP, French CL, Chang AB, Altman KW (2018) Classification of cough as a symptom in adults and management algorithms: CHEST guideline and expert panel report. Chest 153(1):196–209
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Symptoms of COVID-19. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/symptoms-testing/symptoms.html. Accessed 26 July 2023
Brown C, Chauhan J, Grammenos A, Han J, Hasthanasombat A, Spathis D, Xia T, Cicuta P, Mascolo C (2020) Exploring automatic diagnosis of COVID-19 from crowdsourced respiratory sound data. In: Proceedings of the 26th ACM SIGKDD international conference on knowledge discovery and data mining
Cohen-McFarlane M, Goubran R, Knoefel F (2020) Novel coronavirus cough database: NoCoCoDa. IEEE Access 8:154087–154094
McCollough CH, Bushberg JT (2015) Answers to common questions about the use and safety of CT scans. Mayo Clinic Proc 90(10). Elsevier
Hayden Gunraj, Ali Sabri, David Koff, and AlexanderWong. Covid-net ct-2: Enhanced deep neural networks for detection of covid-19 from chest ct images through bigger, more diverse learning. Frontiers in Medicine, 8:729287, 2022
Kelly B (2012) The chest radiograph. Ulst Med J 81(3):143
Williams D, Heiko H, Nadimpalli A, Peery A (2021) Deep learning and its application for healthcare delivery in low and middle income countries. Front Artif Intell 4:553987
Jaiswal AK, Tiwari P, Kumar S, Gupta D, Khanna A, Rodrigues JJPC (2019) Identifying pneumonia in chest X-rays: A deep learning approach. Measurement 145:511–518
Harris M, Qi A, Jeagal L, Torabi N, Menzies D, Korobitsyn A, Pai M, Nathavitharana RR, Khan FA (2019) A systematic review of the diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence-based computer programs to analyze chest x-rays for pulmonary tuberculosis. PloS one 14(9):e0221339
Wallace GMF, Winter JH, Winter JE, Taylor A, Taylor TW (2009) Cameron R.C.“Chest X-rays in COPD screening: are they worthwhile? Respir Med 103(12):1862–1865
Santosh KC, Ghosh S (2021) CheXNet for the Evidence of Covid-19 Using 2.3 K Positive Chest X-rays. In: International conference on recent trends in image processing and pattern recognition. Springer International Publishing, Cham
Kermany D, Zhang K, Goldbaum M (2018) Labeled optical coherence tomography (oct) and chest x-ray images for classification. Mendeley data 2(2):651
Halkidi M, Batistakis Y, Vazirgiannis M (2001) On clustering validation techniques. Intell Inf Syst J 17(2–3):107–145. Kluwer Pulishers
Omran MGH, Engelbrecht AP, Salman A (2007) An overview of clustering methods. Intell Data Anal 11(6):583–605
Dunn JC (1974) Well-separated clusters and optimal fuzzy partitions. J Cybern 4(1):95–104
Davies DL, Bouldin DW (1979) A cluster separation measure. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 2:224–227
Rousseeuw PJ (1987) Silhouettes: a graphical aid to the interpretation and validation of cluster analysis. J Comput Appl Math 20:53–65
Bradley AP (1997) The use of the area under the roc curve in the evaluation of machine learning algorithms. Pattern Recognit 30(7):1145–1159
Settles B (2009) Active learning literature survey
Zhu J, Huizhen W, Eduard H, Ma M (2010) Confidence-based stopping criteria for active learning for data annotation. ACM Trans Speech Lang Process (TSLP) 6(3):1–24
Vlachos A (2008) A stopping criterion for active learning. Comput Speech Lang 22(3):295–312
Santosh KC, Lamiroy B, Wendling L (2014) Integrating vocabulary clustering with spatial relations for symbol recognition. Int J Doc Anal Recognit (IJDAR) 17:61–78
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Santosh, K., Nakarmi, S. (2023). Active Learning—Validation. In: Active Learning to Minimize the Possible Risk of Future Epidemics. SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology(). Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-7442-9_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-7442-9_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-99-7441-2
Online ISBN: 978-981-99-7442-9
eBook Packages: Intelligent Technologies and RoboticsIntelligent Technologies and Robotics (R0)