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Flame Retardancy of Textiles—New Strategies and Mechanisms

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Advanced Multifunctional Materials from Fibrous Structures

Part of the book series: Advanced Structured Materials ((STRUCTMAT,volume 201))

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Abstract

Textile substrates are pervasive in our everyday life as apparel, industrial and technical textile goods, etc., and are made up of polymers; natural, semi-synthetic, or synthetic though most of them are inherently flammable. The considerable amounts of toxic gases, smoke, heat, ashes, and melt drips produced during their burning cause immeasurable damage to human life and property every year. Hence, among different functional properties, flame retardancy of these textile polymeric materials has been a subject matter of prime significant concern due to the requisites to minimize fire risks and meet fire safety requirements. Meanwhile, the art of flame retardant applications is taking a new shape globally considering the modification of textile surfaces as well as the structure of applied flame retardant compounds. However, numerous efficient traditional flame retardants based on organo-halogenated, organo-phosphorous, organo-nitrogen compounds, minerals, other compounds, etc., have been developed to impart flame retardancy in textile materials. Nevertheless, some of these compounds have been observed to have adverse effects on living beings and the environment because of inherent high toxicity risks, and ultimately their use has been restricted and/or banned. With existing flame retardant chemicals, various new substituted active materials, finishing agents, and potential technologies including cleaner and greener approaches based on intrinsic char formation, intumescence, nanotechnology, sol–gel, plasma treatment, biomimetic coatings, etc., are being discovered, processed, and developed to encounter the challenges and requirements of ever-changing safety regulations. Indeed, these are interdisciplinary developments that include rather a lot of scientific and engineering research implements.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Student Grant Competition of the Technical University of Liberec, Czech Republic under the Project No. SGS-2022-6069.

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  1. Department of Material Engineering, Faculty of Textile Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 46117, Liberec, Czech Republic

    Sajid Faheem, Jakub Wiener, Blanka Tomková, Miroslava Pechočiaková & Jiří Militký

  2. Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Nazia Nahid

  3. Department of Clothing Technology, Faculty of Textile Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 46117, Liberec, Czech Republic

    Adnan Mazari

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    Jiří Militký

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Faheem, S. et al. (2023). Flame Retardancy of Textiles—New Strategies and Mechanisms. In: Militký, J., Venkataraman, M. (eds) Advanced Multifunctional Materials from Fibrous Structures. Advanced Structured Materials, vol 201. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-6002-6_12

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