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Urban Design for the Economy

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Sustainable Urban Development in Singapore

Part of the book series: Sustainable Development Goals Series ((SDGS))

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Abstract

When Singapore gained independence in 1965, the Singapore economic model was one of courting multinational corporations to set-up low-cost manufacturing in Singapore to create jobs and export to the world.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Florida (2002a).

  2. 2.

    Jacobs (1972).

  3. 3.

    The Straits Times, 9 July 1991 (quoted in Birch, 1994, p. 2).

  4. 4.

    Abin (1991, p. 99).

  5. 5.

    Quah (2008).

  6. 6.

    Clarke and Monk (2010).

  7. 7.

    Senior Minister Lee Kuan Yew on the 35th Anniversary of the Economic Development Board on 1 August 1996. Quoted in Lye (2008, July, p. 73).

  8. 8.

    Goh (2001, p. 12).

  9. 9.

    United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (1992, p. 9).

  10. 10.

    Tan (2020, September 10).

  11. 11.

    Singapore Management University (2019, March 25).

  12. 12.

    See Hui and Helfer (2016).

  13. 13.

    For an analysis of the 2011 General Election results, see Ortmann (2011) and Chiang (2015).

  14. 14.

    In 1998, the Committee on Singapore’s Competitiveness (CSC) called for an increase in foreign talent, arguing that an inflow of foreign talents would not result in “a loss of jobs for locals, but will instead increase the economic pie for all to benefit”. Led by Lee Yock Suan, the Committee recommended “setting aside more places for foreign students in our education system from primary to tertiary levels and by offering more scholarships to foreign students to study in Singapore”.

  15. 15.

    Hui and Helfer (2016, p. 227).

  16. 16.

    Goh (2002, October 18).

  17. 17.

    Frumkin et al. (2004).

  18. 18.

    Pape (2014).

  19. 19.

    Clustering is one the strategic approaches of the Singapore government to push the production frontier outward. EDB is largely responsible for reaching out to corporations all over the world and bring them to Singapore to setup their business. JTC is the statutory board in-charge of allocating industrial land and space in the city-state by supplying various types of industrial facilities including prepared industrial land, standard factories, flatted factories, business parks and warehousing complexes to serve the industrialists’ needs.

  20. 20.

    Florida’s (2002b) study on innovation in the United States found strong correlation between the bohemian index and high-technology concentration.

  21. 21.

    Ibrahim (2005).

  22. 22.

    Goh and Heng (2017, p. 217).

  23. 23.

    Wildermuth (2016, p. 109).

  24. 24.

    ION Orchard, one of the largest malls in Orchard, offers the experience of walking through a ‘spatial light concourse’ and ‘the only immersed or “surround” LED walls’ which flank the escalators. The LED walls are programmable to suit the time of day and festive occasions (Hudson, 2015).

  25. 25.

    Quoted in Hudson (2015, pp. 289–290).

  26. 26.

    For details, see Dale (1999).

  27. 27.

    Ibrahim and Lim (2005).

  28. 28.

    See Cheong (2019).

  29. 29.

    Ho (2017, p. 273).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. PSB Academy, Singapore, Singapore

    Melissa Liow Li Sa

  2. Kaplan Higher Education Institute, Singapore, Singapore

    Sam Choon-Yin

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  1. Melissa Liow Li Sa
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Correspondence to Melissa Liow Li Sa .

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Liow Li Sa, M., Choon-Yin, S. (2023). Urban Design for the Economy. In: Sustainable Urban Development in Singapore. Sustainable Development Goals Series. Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-5451-3_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-5451-3_8

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  • Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore

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