Abstract
Sustainable development is a concept that has gained traction over the past few decades. It involves meeting the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. One of the biggest challenges in achieving sustainable development is managing the impact of human activities on the environment.
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Notes
- 1.
Budget Direct Insurance (2023, February).
- 2.
Government of Singapore (2022).
- 3.
Ministry of Transport (n.d.).
- 4.
For more details, see Calder (2017, pp. 144–145).
- 5.
Singapore Cooperation Programme (2022, March 9).
- 6.
Government of Singapore (2022, December 8).
- 7.
Speech delivered by Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong at the Clean and Green Singapore 2015 Launch on 8 November 2015. https://www.pmo.gov.sg/Newsroom/transcript-prime-minister-lee-hsien-loongs-speech-clean-green-singapore-2015-launch-8. Accessed on 8 July 2022.
- 8.
Mahbubani (2017). In land scarce Singapore, reducing the demand for cars makes sense, considering that each car occupies two to six parking spaces at home, office and other destinations, which takes much more land comparatively speaking than walking and cycling.
- 9.
Ride-hailing services contribute to about 4% of Singapore's land transport emissions. Chan, A. (2021, September 6). Commentary: How ride-hailing will change to help countries meet climate goals. https://www.channelnewsasia.com/commentary/grab-transport-sustainability-uber-didi-app-ride-driver-ev-net-zero-2154676#:~:text=While%20ride%2Dhailing%20accounts%20for,US%24230%20billion%20by%202026.
- 10.
Kok (2021, July 7).
- 11.
LTA (2021, p. 30).
- 12.
- 13.
LTA (2021, p. 19).
- 14.
Government of Singapore (2023, March 8).
- 15.
Cervero and Sullivan (2010).
- 16.
Niu et al. (2021). The 13 variables refer to (1) building density (2) average plot ratio (3) entropy index of land-use mix (4) proportion of commercial land to residential land (5) average block length (6) street intersection density (7) walkway length (8) shaded walkway length (9) number of bicycle racks (10) area of parks and open spaces (11) open space connectivity (12) number of public space facilities (13) number of bus stops.
- 17.
Singapore Department of Statistics (2021).
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Liow Li Sa, M., Choon-Yin, S. (2023). Managing Vehicle Population for Sustainable Development in Singapore. In: Sustainable Urban Development in Singapore. Sustainable Development Goals Series. Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-5451-3_7
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