Skip to main content

Evaluation of Open Source, Open Data Sharing, and Data Anonymization Concepts in the Development of the Metaverse

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Metaverse

Part of the book series: Studies in Big Data ((SBD,volume 133))

  • 713 Accesses

Abstract

As the Metaverse concept becomes widespread in our lives, people are expected to be included in an artificial physical environment, and a new reality phenomenon will emerge in the virtual universe and the existing universe. In this context, the Metaverse concept is an abstract concept used to describe a digital environment to influence people's physical world and access its content. The information to be included in the virtual universe will be formed by processing the data obtained from individuals, and this situation is expected to reveal many paradigm shifts, especially in the concept of data. Compared to the data in today's social media usage, the Metaverse will be a greater power in analyzing human behavior, since the data on the Metaverse contains a deeper and wider range of data sources than open sources because participation in the Metaverse system involves the collection of unprecedented volumes and types of personal data. Along with the virtual universe, many situations such as storing sensitive biometric and physiological data and transferring virtual payments between platforms, will increase the possibility of malware attacks and data breaches, and data security policies will be reassessed. For this reason, in parallel with the privacy concerns that will increase with the spread of the Metaverse concept, it is expected that data anonymization will become more important and the open data policy of companies that manage the Metaverse will be questioned. Within the scope of all these reasons, in this section, it is aimed to examine the changes caused by the Metaverse concept, which has revolutionized information technologies today, where data is the greatest power in accessing information, in terms of open source, open data sharing, and data anonymization.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Wang, Y., Su, Z., Zhang, N., Liu, D., Xing, R., Luan, T.H., Shen, X.: A survey on Metaverse: fundamentals, security, and privacy. arXiv preprint arXiv:2203.02662 (2022).

  2. Park, S.M., Kim, Y.G.: A Metaverse: taxonomy, components, applications, and open challenges. IEEE Access (2022)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Watson, R.: The virtual economy of the Metaverse: computer vision and deep learning algorithms, customer engagement tools, and behavioral predictive analytics. Ling. Philosop. Invest. 21, 41–56 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Far, S.B., Rad, A.I.: Applying digital twins in Metaverse: user interface, security and privacy challenges. J. Metav. 2(1), 8–16 (2022)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Egliston, B., Carter, M.: Critical questions for Facebook’s virtual reality: data, power and the Metaverse. Int. Policy Rev. 10(4) (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Isaak, J., Hanna, M.J.: User data privacy: facebook, Cambridge analytica, and privacy protection. Computer 51(8), 56–59 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Cao, L.: Data science: a comprehensive overview. ACM Comput. Surv. (CSUR) 50(3), 1–42 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Ahmed, A.: “From data to wisdom” using machine learning capabilities in accounting and finance professionals. J. Talent Develop. Excell. 12(3s), 2019–2036 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Cielen, D., Meysman, A.: Introducing data science: big data, machine learning, and more, using Python tools. Simon and Schuster (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Özdemir, S.: Principles of data science. Packt Publishing (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Economist, The world’s most valuable resource is no longer oil, but data (2017). https://www.economist.com/leaders/2017/05/06/the-worlds-most-valuable-resource-is-no-longer-oil-but-data

  12. Ateş, E.C., Bostancı, E., Güzel, M.S.: Big data, data mining, machine learning, and deep learning concepts in crime data. J. Penal Law Criminol. 8(2), 293–319 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Pauleen, D.J., Wang, W.Y.: Does big data mean big knowledge? KM perspectives on big data and analytics. J. Knowl. Manag. (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Sarkar, D.: Text analytics with Python: a practitioner's guide to natural language processing. Apress (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Ateş, E.C.: Büyük Veri (Big Data). In: Akdemir, N., Tuncer, C.O. (eds.) Siber Ansiklopedi: Siber Ortama Çok Disiplinli Bir Yaklaşım, pp. 82–88. Pegem Akademi (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Kulkarni, A., Shivananda, A.: Natural language processing recipes. Apress (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Ramachandran, R., Bugbee, K., Murphy, K.: From open data to open science. Earth Space Sci. 8(5) (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Weber, S.: The success of open source. Harvard University Press (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Krotova, A., Mertens, A., Scheufen, M.: Open data and data sharing: an economic analysis (No. 21/2020). IW-Policy Paper (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Hummel, P., Braun, M., Dabrock, P.: Own data? Ethical reflections on data ownership. Philos. Technol. 34(3), 545–572 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Scassa, T.: Data ownership. Centre for International Governance Innovation (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Rusche, C., Scheufen, M.: On (intellectual) property and other legal frameworks in the digital economy: an economic analysis of the law (No. 48/2018). IW-Report (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Hazel, S.H.: Personal data as property. Syracuse L. Rev. 70, 1055 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Open Knowledge Foundation (OKF), The Open Definition, http://opendefinition.org/ (2015)

  25. Jetzek, T.: Managing complexity across multiple dimensions of liquid open data: the case of the Danish basic data program. Gov. Inf. Q. 33(1), 89–104 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Sunlight Foundation, Ten principles for opening up government information (2017). https://sunlightfoundation.com

  27. Ni, C., Cang, L.S., Gope, P., Min, G.: Data anonymization evaluation for big data and IoT environment. Inf. Sci. 605, 381–392 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Murthy, S., Bakar, A.A., Rahim, F.A., Ramli, R.A.: Comparative study of data anonymization techniques. In 5th Intl Conference on Big Data Security on Cloud (BigDataSecurity), IEEE Intl Conference on High Performance and Smart Computing,(HPSC) and IEEE Intl Conference on Intelligent Data and Security (IDS), pp. 306–309 IEEE Press (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Sangeetha, S., Sudha Sadasivam, G.: Privacy of big data: a review. In: Dehghantanha, A., Choo, K.R. (eds.) Handbook of big data and iot security, pp. 5–23. Springer (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Zheng, W., Wang, Z., Lv, T., Ma, Y., Jia, C.: K-anonymity algorithm based on improved clustering. In International conference on algorithms and architectures for parallel processing, pp. 462–476 Springer (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Samarati, P., Sweeney, L.: Protecting privacy when disclosing information: k-anonymity and its enforcement through generalization and suppression, IEEE (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  32. Kumar, B.S., Daniya, T., Sathya, N., Cristin, R.: Investigation on privacy preserving using K-anonymity techniques. In International Conference on Computer Communication and Informatics (ICCCI), pp. 1–7 IEEE (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Mystakidis, S.: Metaverse. Encyclopedia, MDPI 2(1), 486–497 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Van Rijmenam, M.: Step into the Metaverse: How the Immersive Internet Will Unlock a Trillion-Dollar Social Economy. John Wiley & Sons (2022)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Ynag, Q., Zhao, Y., Huang, H., Zheng, Z.: Fusing blockchain and AI with Metaverse: a survey. arXiv preprint arXiv:2201.03201 (2022)

  36. Kanter, T.G.: The Metaverse and extended reality with distributed IoT. IEEE Internet of Things Magazine (IoT) (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  37. Jayasinghe, U., Lee, G.M., Um, T.W., Shi, Q.: Machine learning based trust computational model for IoT services. IEEE Trans. Sustain. Comp. 4(1), 39–52 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Gadekallu, T.R., Huynh-The, T., Wang, W., Yenduri, G., Ranaweera, P., Pham, Q.V., Costa, D.B., Liyanage, M.: Blockchain for the metaverse: a review. arXiv preprint arXiv:2203.09738 (2022)

  39. Braud, A., Fromentoux, G., Radier, B., Le Grand, O.: The road to European digital sovereignty with Gaia-X and IDSA. IEEE Network 35(2), 4–5 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Ramesohl, S., Berg, H., Wirtz, J.: The circular economy and digitalisation-strategies for a digital-ecological industry transformation: a study commmissioned by Huawei Technologies Germany GmbH (2022)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Emre Cihan Ates .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Ates, E.C., Bostanci, E., Guzel, M.S. (2023). Evaluation of Open Source, Open Data Sharing, and Data Anonymization Concepts in the Development of the Metaverse. In: Esen, F.S., Tinmaz, H., Singh, M. (eds) Metaverse. Studies in Big Data, vol 133. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-4641-9_6

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics