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Global Biodiversity Decline and Loss from Agricultural Intensification Through Agrochemical Application

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One Health Implications of Agrochemicals and their Sustainable Alternatives

Part of the book series: Sustainable Development and Biodiversity ((SDEB,volume 34))

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Abstract

To meet global food demands for an ever-increasing human population, in the face of changing patterns of temperature and precipitation, agricultural intensification has been on the rise. The use of agrochemicals for agricultural intensification has immediate and long-term effects on global biodiversity and has caused significant changes in the functioning of agroecosystems. This chapter discusses global biodiversity decline and loss due to agricultural intensification through agrochemical application and points out the likely drivers, their mechanisms, and the ramifications of these losses. In the past half-century, concerns have grown over the widespread usage of agrochemicals and how they end up in the ecosystem. Diverse negative impacts, such as contamination of soil, water, turf, and other vegetation, have been associated with the improper use of agrochemicals. Moreover, biotransformation and bioaccumulation reduce environmental quality and health, threaten biodiversity, and ultimately lead to a reduction of ecosystem services like food, water, timber, fibers, and medicine on which all of life depends. Stakeholders are becoming more concerned about ensuring that farmers can access pertinent information about agrochemicals and the need for global agrochemical regulation. Though agricultural intensification requires less amount of land for food production which may protect local biodiversity by preserving habitats, it can have predicted and unpredicted environmental consequences including the reduction of the agroecology. Since global biodiversity forms an important component of the natural resource base for farming, it needs to be safeguarded to support and maintain the increased productivity for a sustainable food supply. This calls for sustainable agricultural intensification practices and a conscious move away from agrochemical use.

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Abbreviations

APC:

Agricultural Pesticide Committee

CIC:

Chemical Import Control

CM:

Chemical Monitoring

Codex:

Codex Alimentarius Commission

DAFF:

Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries

DDT:

Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane

EAA:

Environmental Affairs Agency

EAD:

Environmental Affairs Department

EASAC:

European Academy of Sciences

EMA:

Environment Management Act

EPA:

Environmental Protection Agency

ESA:

Endangered Species Act

EU:

European Union

FFDCA:

Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act

FIFRA:

Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act

FQPA:

Food Quality Protection Act

MBS:

Malawi Bureau of Standards

MRLs:

Maximum Residue Limits

NAFDAC:

National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control

NAFTA:

North American Free Trade Agreement

Ocs:

Organochlorine

OPs:

Organophosphate

PCB:

Pesticide Control Board

PCPA:

Pest Control Products Act

PMRA:

Pest Management Regulatory Agency

PPRSD:

Plant Protection and Regulatory Services Directorate

PRB:

Population Reference Bureau

PRIA:

Pesticide Registration Improvement Act

UNEP:

United Nations Environmental Programme

VDP:

Veterinary Drugs and Pesticides

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  1. Department of Geography, SD Dombo University of Business and Integrated Development Studies, Wa, Ghana

    Issaka Kanton Osumanu

  2. Department of Environment and Resource Studies, SD Dombo University of Business and Integrated Development Studies, Wa, Ghana

    Issaka Kanton Osumanu & Enoch Akwasi Kosoe

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    Matthew Chidozie Ogwu

  2. Department of Microbiology, Bayelsa Medical University, Yenagoa, Bayelsa, Nigeria

    Sylvester Chibueze Izah

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Osumanu, I.K., Kosoe, E.A. (2023). Global Biodiversity Decline and Loss from Agricultural Intensification Through Agrochemical Application. In: Ogwu, M.C., Chibueze Izah, S. (eds) One Health Implications of Agrochemicals and their Sustainable Alternatives . Sustainable Development and Biodiversity, vol 34. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3439-3_3

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