Abstract
The global damage caused by the spreading microbial infection is evident from the devastating COVID-19 pandemic. The infectious diseases caused by emerging viral and resistant bacterial pathogens have been a worldwide medical threat and economic burden. To combat this threat, a technology able to rapidly identify pathogen infection and determine the pathogen resistance profile is needed. The current methods for emerging infectious disease detection are mainly molecular methods based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of the specific pathogenic gene or resistant gene mutations. While sensitive, it requires prior knowledge of the pathogenic cells, which fail to output a negative result when a new pathogen or new resistant strain occurs and wrongly output a positive result when resistance genes are simply present but are not expressed or are not contributing to resistant phenotypes. Considering the life-threatening condition of an emerging infectious disease and the increasing prevalence of emerging pathogens and bacteria with antibiotic resistance in hospitals, automated and fast diagnostic facilities are required. This chapter summarizes the emerging nano-bio-analytical systems for the rapid detection of pathogen infectious diseases and antibiotic susceptibility testing for antibiotic resistance determination that will empower humans to win the epic war between human wits and microbial genes. In viral infection detection, we discussed nano-bio-analytical systems for the detection of viral infectious diseases including point-of-care immunoassay systems, electrochemical detection systems, and plasmonic-based systems. In resistant bacterial infection detection, we reviewed the emerging optical imaging systems for rapid phenotypic antibiotic resistance determination.
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program (Grant No. 2018YFC1707701), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31671007, 81971703, 81801793, 82102180), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2018M630677, 2019T120518), the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. LZ18C100001), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. 2021QNA5018, 2021FZZX002-05), and the Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Management of Fujian province of China.
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Yang, D. et al. (2023). Nano-Bio-Analytical Systems for the Detection of Emerging Infectious Diseases. In: Purohit, B., Chandra, P. (eds) Surface Engineering and Functional Nanomaterials for Point-of-Care Analytical Devices. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3025-8_7
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