Abstract
Spondylolisthesis is the forward displacement of one vertebra over the other. The incidence is approximately 5% in the general population. Hereditary factors such as congenital deficiency of the posterior elements of the sacrum and developmental factors such as repetitive activities, posture, and trauma resulting in stress fractures of the pars interarticularis are the common causes of spondylolisthesis in children. The dysplastic and isthmic types are common in children. Spondylolisthesis becomes symptomatic in late childhood and adolescents. Progression of listhesis occurs between 10 and 15 years. The common presentation is back pain and pain in the thigh and buttocks. There are abnormalities in posture and gait. Neurological deficits are rare, but hamstring tightness is common [1].
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Zacharia, B. (2023). Spondylolisthesis Associated with Scoliosis in Adolescent Children. In: Zacharia, B., Raja, S.D.C., KV, N. (eds) Paediatric Scoliosis . Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3017-3_40
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3017-3_40
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