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Identification of Novel Microbial Strains for Reduced Pesticide Use in Millets

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Millet Rhizosphere

Part of the book series: Rhizosphere Biology ((RHBIO))

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Abstract

Millets are worldwide used crops, and more than thousands of varieties of millet crops are cultivated globally because of their beneficial supplement to the human diet. Also, it is rich in micronutrients and protein. Shoot fly, stem borer, and pink borer are the major millets’ pests that cause agricultural and economic losses and increase the demand for chemical or synthetic pesticides for millet crop protection. These pesticides affect the environment by manipulating ecosystems. The focus on microbial bioremediation procedures has been increased to maintain sustainable growth and reduce the economic, environmental, and health effects due to the overuse of pesticides. It has been observed that the rhizosphere microbes are the most potent natural bioremediation agent. For example, bacterial genera like Rhizobium (strain RF12 and RZ11), Flavobacterium, Actinobacter, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Agrobacterium sp., etc., are identified as pesticide-degrading strains. Many microbial and fungal species also degrade major harmful chemicals like acetochlor, carfentrazone, and clothianidin. These chemicals are converted into nontoxic chemical compounds by the enzymatic action of the microorganisms of the Rhizobiaceae group. The researchers are currently focusing on isolating these novel microbial strains. These strains’ detailed genetic and molecular studies will help to manipulate their genetic makeup. Thus, the pesticide-degrading effect could be increased and further applied to large-scale use and producing genetically engineered crops as self-herbicide/insecticide/fungicide-resistant plants that eventually lead to reduced pesticide use. A whole microbial community and many novel strains like arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are found in the millet-cultivating soil. This chapter focuses on those novel microbial strains found in millets that can degrade pesticides. Several studies can be designed to isolate and characterize for further evaluation that could help to reduce the problems related to pesticide use soon.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Nadia, West Bengal, India

    Shruti Hazra, Joyeta Dey & Suchismita Mukherjee

  2. P.G. Department of Microbiology, Bidhannagar College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

    Abul Kalam

  3. Department of Bioinformatics, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Nadia, West Bengal, India

    Chittabrata Mal

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  1. Shruti Hazra
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  2. Joyeta Dey
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  3. Suchismita Mukherjee
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  4. Abul Kalam
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  5. Chittabrata Mal
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Correspondence to Chittabrata Mal .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Amity Institute of Nanotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India

    Ramesh Namdeo Pudake

  2. Defence Research and Development Organisation, Delhi, India

    Maya Kumari

  3. Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India

    Deepak Rameshwar Sapkal

  4. Department of Biological Sciences, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India

    Anil Kumar Sharma

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Hazra, S., Dey, J., Mukherjee, S., Kalam, A., Mal, C. (2023). Identification of Novel Microbial Strains for Reduced Pesticide Use in Millets. In: Pudake, R.N., Kumari, M., Sapkal, D.R., Sharma, A.K. (eds) Millet Rhizosphere . Rhizosphere Biology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-2166-9_5

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