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Biodiversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Its Impact on Millets Growth

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Millet Rhizosphere

Part of the book series: Rhizosphere Biology ((RHBIO))

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Abstract

Millets are popular for their nutrient richness and environmental smartness. Millets are often grown on marginal lands under rainfed conditions and are favored crop species in intercropping systems. Roots of millets are colonized by a wide range of fungi including the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. Diverse AM fungi associate with millets as revealed by the diversity of AM spores in the soils and through the examination of millet roots using molecular techniques. Glomus is the dominant taxa associated with millets followed by Acaulospora, Funneliformis, and Rhizophagus. AM fungal symbiosis enhance the growth and nutrient uptake of millets in a wide range of soil and environmental conditions. The response of millets to AM symbiosis happens despite the presence of an elaborate root system. However, the responsiveness of millets to AM fungal symbiosis tends to vary with species and genotypes of the same species. Nevertheless, the yield response of millets to AM fungal presence is not well explored when compared to other popular cereal crops. AM symbiosis also imparts tolerance in millet against abiotic stresses like drought and salinity and induces changes in the structure and diversity of microorganisms in the soil. Agronomic and cultivation practices like the application of fungicides and synthetic fertilizers, crop rotation, and intercropping are known to affect AM fungal symbiosis in millets. The development of appropriate strategies for efficient use of millet-AM symbioses would increase millet production under limited inputs in resource-poor regions.

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  1. Root and Soil Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India

    T. Muthukumar & R. Koshila Ravi

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  1. Amity Institute of Nanotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India

    Ramesh Namdeo Pudake

  2. Defence Research and Development Organisation, Delhi, India

    Maya Kumari

  3. Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India

    Deepak Rameshwar Sapkal

  4. Department of Biological Sciences, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India

    Anil Kumar Sharma

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Muthukumar, T., Koshila Ravi, R. (2023). Biodiversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Its Impact on Millets Growth. In: Pudake, R.N., Kumari, M., Sapkal, D.R., Sharma, A.K. (eds) Millet Rhizosphere . Rhizosphere Biology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-2166-9_3

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