Abstract
Aging, an almost universal phenomenon, encompasses a gradual yet constant deterioration of the metabolic functions of the body. Aging is characterized by an increased homeostatic imbalance and an elevated risk of systemic metabolic failures leading to diseases, with the ultimate outcome being death. Age-related metabolic disorders, such as cardiovascular diseases and type-2 diabetes, are among the major causes of mortality worldwide. A plethora of research has established that aging is regulated by genes functioning in important metabolic pathways. Thus quite expectedly, the nutrient content of a diet has been found to modulate the lifespan of an organism and define the severity or course of several age-related or other illnesses. Under normal conditions, an organism can modulate its gene expression to adapt to these diet-induced metabolic changes to display normal health and lifespan. However, in the presence of an altered allele, the effects of diet or one of its components may become apparent in terms of health, disease, or longevity effects. Identifying such diet-gene pairs and the associated molecular mechanisms is necessary for developing dietary and therapeutic interventions that would prevent or treat diseases and promote healthy aging.
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Abbreviations
- AD:
-
Alzheimer’s disease
- ALH-6:
-
ALdehyde Dehydrogenase
- AMD:
-
Age-related macular degeneration
- APOA5:
-
APOlipoprotein A-V
- APOE:
-
APOlipoprotein E
- ATP7B:
-
ATPase copper transporting 7 Beta
- ATPsynD:
-
ATP synthase subunit D
- BCAA:
-
Branched-chain amino acids
- BRS-3:
-
Bombesin Receptor Subtype 3
- CCHa2R:
-
CCHamide-2 Receptor
- CVD:
-
Cardiovascular diseases
- DGRP:
-
Drosophila genetic reference panel
- DTT:
-
Dithiothreitol
- ech-6:
-
Enoyl-CoA hydratase
- FLR-4:
-
FLuoRide resistant 4
- FTO:
-
FaT mass and Obesity
- GLUT:
-
GLUcose Transporter
- GSTM1:
-
Glutathione S-Transferase Mu
- HC:
-
High caloric
- HDL:
-
High-density lipoprotein
- HMGCR:
-
3-Hydroxy-3-MethylGlutaryl-Coenzyme A Reductase
- HNF4:
-
Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4
- HP-LS:
-
High protein and low sugar
- HS-LP:
-
High sugar and low protein
- IRS1:
-
Insulin Receptor Substrate 1
- LD:
-
Lipid droplets
- LDL:
-
Low-density lipoprotein
- LPS:
-
LipoPolySaccharide
- MAPK:
-
Mitogen activated protein kinase
- MEF2:
-
Myocyte Enhancer Factor 2
- MRPL-2:
-
Mitochondrial Ribosomal Protein Like 2
- MTHFR:
-
MethylTetraHydroFolate Reductase
- MUFA:
-
Monounsaturated fatty acids
- NAD(P)H:
-
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate reduced
- NHR-114:
-
Nuclear Hormone Receptor 114
- NMUR-1:
-
NeuroMedin U Receptor 1
- NRF2:
-
NF-E2-Related transcription factor
- OSM-3:
-
OSMotic avoidance abnormal
- P5C:
-
1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylate
- P-80:
-
Polysorbate 80
- PLP:
-
PyridoxaL 5’-phosphate
- PMT-2:
-
Phosphatidylethanolamine MethylTransferase 2
- PNPO:
-
Pyridox(am)iNe 5-Phosphate Oxidase
- PUFA:
-
PolyUnsaturated fatty acids
- RANKL:
-
Receptor Activator of Nuclear factor-Kappa-Î’ Ligand
- RICT-1:
-
Rapamycin-Insensitive Companion of TOR
- RIPS-1:
-
Rhy-1-Interacting Protein in Sulfide
- RPE:
-
Retinal pigmented epithelium
- SAM:
-
S-adenosyl methionine
- SIRT-6:
-
NAD+-dependent deacetylase (SIRTuin-6)
- SKN-1:
-
SKiNhead 1
- SNP:
-
Single nucleotide polymorphism
- SOD2:
-
SuperOxide Dismutase 2
- Spen:
-
Split ends
- T2DM:
-
Type-2 diabetes mellitus
- TCF7L2:
-
TransCription Factor 7-Like 2
- TG:
-
Triglyceride
- TNFα:
-
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
- UPRmt:
-
Mitochondrial unfolded protein response
- ZPR1:
-
Zinc finger PRotein-1
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Nair, T., Verma, S., Mukhopadhyay, A. (2023). Diet-Gene Interactions that Regulate Longevity and Diseases. In: Pathak, S., Banerjee, A., Duttaroy, A.K. (eds) Evidence-based Functional Foods for Prevention of Age-related Diseases. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-0534-8_3
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