Abstract
This study aims to manage academic stress in adolescent students by developing a smartphone application featuring a chatbot called Zuko. Academic stress is a prevailing issue that impacts many high school and college students negatively. Stress is a major contributor to adverse psychological impacts in the adolescent population. To derive insights into academic stress and related issues, literature was reviewed and multiple stakeholders were interviewed. Based on these insights, a framework “iZnChAT” is proposed to generate chatbot-based digital solutions for managing academic stress. With adolescents being the most digitally connected population and chatbots having the potential to reach a wider audience, a chatbot Zuko is prototyped that can be accessed via a smartphone application. The chatbot includes elements of gamification to increase engagement. Subsequently, the chatbot was successfully evaluated by fifteen stakeholders based on various performance parameters. This chatbot is accessible via a smartphone application has a great potential to impact many lives by reducing academic stress, enhancing a students’ wellbeing and educational performance.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Chrousos P (2009) Stress and disorders of the stress system. Nat Rev Endocrinol 5(7):374–381
Beiter R et al (2015) The prevalence and correlates of depression, anxiety, and stress in a sample of college students. J Affect Disord 173:90–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2014.10.054
Barbayannis G, Bandari M, Zheng X, Baquerizo H, Pecor KW, Ming X (2022) Academic stress and mental well-being in college students: correlations, affected groups, and COVID-19. Front Psychol 13:886344
Deb S, Strodl E, Sun H (2015) Academic stress, parental pressure, anxiety and mental health among Indian high school students. Int J Psychol Behav Sci 5(1):26–34
Baste VS, Gadkari JV (2014) Short Communication Study of stress, self-esteem and depression in medical students and effect of music on perceived stress. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 58(3):296–299
Hawton K, Saunders KEA, O’Connor RC (2012) Self-harm and suicide in adolescents. Lancet 379(9834):2373–2382
National Crime Records Bureau (2023) Accidental deaths & suicides in India (ADSI). https://ncrb.gov.in/en/accidental-deaths-suicides-india-adsi
Gecas V, Seff MA (1990) Families and adolescents: a review of the 1980s. J Marriage Fam 52(4):941–958
Butryn T, Bryant L, Marchionni C, Sholevar F (2017) The shortage of psychiatrists and other mental health providers: causes, current state, and potential solutions. Int J Acad Med 3(1):5
Burns JM, Davenport TA, Durkin LA, Luscombe GM, Hickie IB (2010) The internet as a setting for mental health service utilisation by young people. Med J Aust 192:S22–S26
UNESCO (2018) Introduction: children in a digital world. https://doi.org/10.18356/a072d2f4-en
Daskal L (2023) 13 of the best apps to manage your stress | Inc.com,” 2016. https://www.inc.com/lolly-daskal/13-of-the-best-apps-to-manage-stress.html. Accessed 26 Jun 2023
Khanna A, Pandey B, Vashishta K, Kalia K, Pradeepkumar B, Das T (2015) A study of today’s AI through chatbots and rediscovery of machine intelligence. Int J u-and e-Service Sci Technol 8(7):277–284
Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary (2023) “chatbot”. https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/chatbot?q=chatbot. Accessed 24 Jun 2023
Adamopoulou E, Moussiades L (2020) An overview of chatbot technology. In: IFIP international conference on artificial intelligence applications and innovations, Springer, pp 373–383
Boucher EM et al (2021) Artificially intelligent chatbots in digital mental health interventions: a review. Expert Rev Med Dev 18(sup1):37–49
Miner AS, Milstein A, Hancock JT (2017) Talking to machines about personal mental health problems. JAMA 318(13):1217–1218
Nass C, Moon Y (2000) Machines and mindlessness: social responses to computers. J Soc Issues 56(1):81–103
Priem JS, Solomon DH (2015) Emotional support and physiological stress recovery: the role of support matching, adequacy, and invisibility. Commun Monogr 82(1):88–112
Meng J, Dai Y (2021) Emotional support from AI chatbots: should a supportive partner self-disclose or not? J Comput Commun 26(4):207–222
Xu B, Zhuang Z (2022) Survey on psychotherapy chatbots. Concurr Comput Pract Exp 34(7):e6170
Kretzschmar K, Tyroll H, Pavarini G, Manzini A, Singh I, N. Y. P. A. Group (2019) Can your phone be your therapist? Young people’s ethical perspectives on the use of fully automated conversational agents (chatbots) in mental health support. Biomed Inf Insights 11:1178222619829083
Sannon S, Stoll B, DiFranzo D, Jung M, Bazarova NN (2018) How personification and interactivity influence stress-related disclosures to conversational agents. In: Companion of the 2018 ACM conference on computer supported cooperative work and social computing, pp 285–288
Hill J, Ford WR, Farreras IG (2015) Real conversations with artificial intelligence: a comparison between human–human online conversations and human–chatbot conversations. Comput Human Behav 49:245–250
Hungerbuehler I, Daley K, Cavanagh K, Garcia Claro H, Kapps M (2021) Chatbot-based assessment of employees’ mental health: design process and pilot implementation. JMIR Form Res 5(4):e21678
Sweeney C et al (2021) Can Chatbots help support a person’s mental health? Perceptions and views from mental healthcare professionals and experts. ACM Trans Comput Healthc 2(3):1–15
Huang Y-SS, Dootson P (2022) Chatbots and service failure: When does it lead to customer aggression. J Retail Consum Serv 68:103044
Luger E, Sellen A (2016) ‘Like having a really bad PA’ The Gulf between user expectation and experience of conversational agents. In: Proceedings of the 2016 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems, pp 5286–5297
Christensen H, Griffiths KM, Farrer L (2009) Adherence in internet interventions for anxiety and depression: systematic review. J Med Internet Res 11(2):e1194
Adamopoulou E, Moussiades L (2020) Chatbots: History, technology, and applications. Mach Learn Appl 2:100006
Vaidyam AN, Wisniewski H, Halamka JD, Kashavan MS, Torous JB (2019) Chatbots and conversational agents in mental health: a review of the psychiatric landscape. Can J Psychiatry 64(7):456–464
Johnson D, Deterding S, Kuhn K-A, Staneva A, Stoyanov S, Hides L (2016) Gamification for health and wellbeing: a systematic review of the literature. Internet Interv 6:89–106
Hoffmann A, Christmann CA, Bleser G (2017) Gamification in stress management apps: a critical app review. JMIR Ser Games 5(2):e7216
Fleming TM et al (2017) Serious games and gamification for mental health: current status and promising directions. Front Psychiatry 7:215
Sardi L, Idri A, Fernández-Alemán JL (2017) A systematic review of gamification in e-Health. J Biomed Inf 71:31–48
Cheng VWS, Davenport T, Johnson D, Vella K, Hickie IB (2019) Gamification in apps and technologies for improving mental health and well-being: systematic review. JMIR Ment Heal 6(6):e13717
Yang H, Li D (2021) Understanding the dark side of gamification health management: a stress perspective. Inf Process Manag 58(5):102649
Sharma V, Goyal M, Malik D (2017) An intelligent behaviour shown by chatbot system. Int J New Technol Res 3(4):263312
Singh S, Thakur HK (2020) Survey of various AI chatbots based on technology used. In: 2020 8th international conference on reliability, Infocom technologies and optimization (trends and future directions) (ICRITO). IEEE, pp 1074–1079
Kamita T, Ito T, Matsumoto A, Munakata T, Inoue T (2019) A chatbot system for mental healthcare based on SAT counseling method. Mob Inf Syst
Hadler NL, Bu P, Winkler A, Alexander AW (2021) College student perspectives of telemental health: a review of the recent literature. Curr Psychiatry Rep 23:1–8
Inkster B, Sarda S, Subramanian V (2018) An empathy-driven, conversational artificial intelligence agent (Wysa) for digital mental well-being: real-world data evaluation mixed-methods study. JMIR mHealth uHealth 6(11):e12106
BBC (2023) Child advice chatbots fail to spot sexual abuse. https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-46507900. Accessed 27 Jul 2023
Figma, “Figma,” (2023) https://www.figma.com/. Accessed 27 Jul 2023
ChatBot, “Chatbot,” (2023) https://www.chatbot.com/. Accessed 25 Jun 2023
Cahn J (2017) “CHATBOT: architecture, design, & development. Univ. Pennsylvania Sch. Eng. Appl. Sci. Dep. Comput. Inf. Sci
Gruhn RE, Minker W, Nakamura S (2011) Statistical pronunciation modeling for non-native speech processing. Springer Science & Business Media
Efron B (2013) “Bayes’ theorem in the 21st century. Science 340(6137):1177–1178
Kowsher M, Tithi FS, Alam MA, Huda MN, Moheuddin MM, Rosul MG (2019) Doly: Bengali chatbot for bengali education. In: 2019 1st international conference on advances in science, engineering and robotics technology (ICASERT). IEEE, pp 1–6
CIO (2023) ChatGPT, the rise of generative AI. https://www.cio.com/article/474809/chatgpt-the-rise-of-generative-ai.html. Accessed 27 Jun 2023
Caldarini G, Jaf S, McGarry K (2022) A literature survey of recent advances in chatbots. Information 13(1):41
Liddy ED (2001) Natural language processing
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2024 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Malik, A., Kumar, T. (2024). Design of a Chatbot for Relieving Academic Stress in Adolescent Students. In: Senjyu, T., So–In, C., Joshi, A. (eds) Smart Trends in Computing and Communications. SmartCom 2024 2024. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 948. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-1329-5_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-1329-5_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-97-1328-8
Online ISBN: 978-981-97-1329-5
eBook Packages: Intelligent Technologies and RoboticsIntelligent Technologies and Robotics (R0)