Abstract
Wireless sensor network (WSN) is an interconnection of numerous sensor nodes with autonomous processing and communication capability. Sensor nodes collect data from the surroundings and transmit it to an endpoint receiver which is known as a sink, so that appropriate decisions can take place. WSN has resource constraints in terms of bandwidth, energy, storage, and processing. Due to limited resources, congestion may occur in WSN. Congestion is one of the serious issues in the network which is degrading the performance of the network and quality of service (QoS). Some factors like packet collision, channel contention, and data transmission in many-to-one fashions become the catalyst for congestion and result in packet drop. Many researchers provided different solutions to solve the issue, but congestion is still a serious problem. Therefore, more specialized strategies are required to manage congestion. In this paper, we have investigated various congestion detection and management methods and compared them based on queue, priority, source management, traffic management, packet service time, channel load, and buffer occupancy.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Yan J, Qi B (2021) CARA: a congestion-aware routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks. Algorithms 14. https://doi.org/10.3390/a14070199
Farsi M, Badawy M, Moustafa M, Ali HA, Abdulazeem Y (2019) A congestion-aware clustering and routing (CCR) protocol for mitigating congestion in WSN. IEEE Access 7:105402–105419. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2932951
Huang H, Savkin AV, Ding M, Huang C (2019) Mobile robots in wireless sensor networks: a survey on tasks. Comput Netw 148:1–19
Rawat P, Singh KD, Chaouchi H, Bonnin JM (2014) Wireless sensor networks: a survey on recent developments and potential synergies. J Supercomput 68(1):1–48
Liu A-F, Zhang P-H, Chen Z-G (2011) Theoretical analysis of the lifetime and energy hole in cluster based wireless sensor networks. J Parallel Distrib Comput 71(10):1327–1355
Shi S, Liu X, Gu X (2012) An energy-efficiency optimized LEACH-C for wireless sensor networks. In: 7th international conference on communications and networking in China. IEEE, pp 487–492
Chen D, Zhang N, Zhang M, Wang Z, Zhang Y (2017) Study on remote monitoring system of crossing and spanning tangent tower. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng 199(1):012038
Durisic MP, Tafa Z, Dimic G, Milutinovic V (2012) A survey of military applications of wireless sensor networks. In: 2012 Mediterranean conference on embedded computing (MECO). IEEE, pp 196–199
Junaid M (2020) Wireless network sensors applications and challenges in a real-life environment. IEEE-SEM 7:111–117
Nwankwo W, Olayinka AS, Ukhurebor KE (2020) Nanoinformatics: why design of projects on nanomedicine development and clinical applications may fail? In: 2020 international conference in mathematics, computer engineering and computer science (ICMCECS). IEEE, pp 1–7
Ukhurebor KE (2020) The role of biosensor in climate smart organic agriculture towards agricultural and environmental sustainability. In: Agrometeorology. IntechOpen
Kandris D, Nakas C, Vomvas D, Koulouras G (2020) Applications of wireless sensor networks: an up-to-date survey. Appl Syst Innov 3(1):14
Hu H, Han Y, Yao M, Song X (2021) Trust based secure and energy efficient routing protocol for wireless sensor networks. IEEE Access 10:10585–10596
Selvi M, Thangaramya K, Ganapathy S, Kulothungan K, Khannah Nehemiah H, Kannan A (2019) An energy aware trust based secure routing algorithm for effective communication in wireless sensor networks. Wirel Pers Commun 105(4):1475–1490
Rajeshkumar G, Valluvan KR (2017) An energy aware trust based intrusion detection system with adaptive acknowledgement for wireless sensor network. Wirel Pers Commun 94(4):1993–2007
Rathee M, Kumar S, Gandomi AH, Dilip K, Balusamy B, Patan R (2019) Ant colony optimization based quality of service aware energy balancing secure routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks. IEEE Trans Eng Manage 68(1):170–182
Khan T, Singh K, Ahmad K, Ahmad KAB (2023) A secure and dependable trust assessment (SDTS) scheme for industrial communication networks. Sci Rep 13(1):1910
Khan T, Singh K (2023) RTM: realistic weight-based reliable trust model for large scale WSNs. Wirel Pers Commun: 1–39
Flora DFJ, Kavitha V, Muthuselvi M (2011) A survey on congestion control techniques in wireless sensor networks. In: 2011 international conference on emerging trends in electrical and computer technology. IEEE, pp 1146–1149
Kharat S (2015) Congestion control techniques in wireless sensor networks: a survey. Int J Eng Res Technol (IJERT) 4(2):617–620
Jabbar S, Ahmad M, Malik KR, Khalid S, Chaudhry J, Aldabbas O (2018) Designing an energy-aware mechanism for lifetime improvement of wireless sensor networks: a comprehensive study. Mobile Netw Appl 23(3):432–445
Dumka A, Chaurasiya SK, Biswas A, Mandoria HL (2019) A complete guide to wireless sensor networks: from inception to current trends. CRC Press
Yin X, Zhou X, Huang R, Fang Y, Li S (2009) A fairness-aware congestion control scheme in wireless sensor networks. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 58(9):5225–5234
Ee CT, Bajcsy R (2004) Congestion control and fairness for many-to-one routing in sensor networks. In: Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on embedded networked sensor systems, pp 148–161
Hull B, Jamieson K, Balakrishnan H (2004) Mitigating congestion in wireless sensor networks. In: Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems, pp 134–147
Wang C, Li B, Sohraby K, Daneshmand M, Hu Y (2007) Upstream congestion control in wireless sensor networks through cross-layer optimization. IEEE J Sel Areas Commun 25(4):786–795
Thubert P, Watteyne T, Palattella MR, Vilajosana X, Wang Q (2013) Ietf 6tsch: combining ipv6 connectivity with industrial performance. In: 2013 seventh international conference on innovative mobile and internet services in ubiquitous computing. IEEE, pp 541–546
Tezcan N, Wang W (2007) ART: an asymmetric and reliable transport mechanism for wireless sensor networks. Int J Sensor Netw 2(3–4):188–200
Akyildiz IF, Vuran MC, Akan OB (2006) A cross-layer protocol for wireless sensor networks. In: 2006 40th annual conference on information sciences and systems. IEEE, pp 1102–1107
Woo A, Culler DE (2001) A transmission control scheme for media access in sensor networks. In: Proceedings of the 7th annual international conference on mobile computing and networking, pp 221–235
Paek J, Govindan R (2010) RCRT: rate-controlled reliable transport protocol for wireless sensor networks. ACM Trans Sensor Netw (TOSN) 7(3):1–45
Kafi MA, Djenouri D, Othman JB, Ouadjaout A, Badache N (2014) Congestion detection strategies in wireless sensor networks: a comparative study with testbed experiments. Procedia Comput Sci 37:168–175
Bian F, Rangwala S, Govindan R (2007) Quasi-static centralized rate allocation for sensor networks. In: 2007 4th annual IEEE communications society conference on sensor, mesh and ad hoc communications and networks. IEEE, pp 361–370
Razzaque MA, Hong CS (2009) Congestion detection and control algorithms for multipath data forwarding in sensor networks. In: 2009 11th international conference on advanced communication technology, vol 1. IEEE, pp 651–653
Moghaddam MHY, Adjeroh D (2010) A novel congestion control protocol for vital signs monitoring in wireless biomedical sensor networks. In: 2010 IEEE wireless communication and networking conference. IEEE, pp 1–6
Sheu J-P, Hu W-K (2008) Hybrid congestion control protocol in wireless sensor networks. In: VTC spring 2008-IEEE vehicular technology conference. IEEE, pp 213–217
Xiong Y (2005) A congestion control scheme for wireless sensor networks. Ph.D. diss., Texas A&M University
https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/industrial-wireless-sensor-networks-iwsn-market
Wan C-Y, Eisenman SB, Campbell AT (2011) Energy-efficient congestion detection and avoidance in sensor networks. ACM Trans Sensor Netw (TOSN) 7(4):1–31
He T, Stankovic JA, Lu C, Abdelzaher T (2003) SPEED: a stateless protocol for real-time communication in sensor networks. In: 23rd international conference on distributed computing systems, 2003. Proceedings. IEEE, pp 46–55
Sharif A, Potdar V, Rathnayaka AJD (2010) Prioritizing information for achieving QoS control in WSN. In: 2010 24th IEEE international conference on advanced information networking and applications. IEEE, pp 835–842
Sundaresan K, Anantharaman V, Hsieh H-Y, Sivakumar AR (2005) ATP: a reliable transport protocol for ad hoc networks. IEEE Trans Mobile Comput 4(6):588–603
Doudou M, Djenouri D, Badache N (2012) Survey on latency issues of asynchronous MAC protocols in delay-sensitive wireless sensor networks. IEEE Commun Surv Tutor 15(2):528–550
Sankarasubramaniam Y, Akan OB, Akyildiz IF (2003) ESRT: event-to-sink reliable transport in wireless sensor networks. In: Proceedings of the 4th ACM international symposium on mobile ad hoc networking & computing, pp 177–188
Bachir A, Dohler M, Watteyne T, Leung KK (2010) MAC essentials for wireless sensor networks. IEEE Commun Surv Tutor 12(2):222–248
Yadav SL, Ujjwal RL, Kumar S, Kaiwartya O, Kumar M, Kashyap PK (2021) Traffic and energy-aware optimization for congestion control in next-generation wireless sensor networks. J Sensors 2021
Farhan L, Kaiwartya O, Alzubaidi L, Gheth W, Dimla E, Kharel R (2019) Toward interference aware IoT framework: energy and geo-location-based-modeling. IEEE Access 7:56617–56630
Ding W, Tang L, Ji S (2016) Optimizing routing based on congestion control for wireless sensor networks. In: Springer wireless networks, vol 22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-015-1016-y
Bhandari KS, Sanwar Hosen ASM, Cho GH (2018) CoAR: congestion-aware routing protocol for low power and lossy networks for IoT applications. Sensors 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18113838
Chien Y-H, Chen JI-Z, Lee B-H, Wu W-B, Liou CW (2014) A cooperation-aware scheme for overcoming the traffic congestion in the deployment of WSNs. Engineering 6:185–192. https://doi.org/10.4236/eng.2014.64022
Singh K, Singh K, Aziz A (2018) Congestion control in wireless sensor networks by hybrid multi-objective optimization algorithm. Comput Netw 138:90–107
Sefati SS, Farkhady RZ (2023) Routing and congestion control in wireless sensor networks using the ant colony optimization algorithm and the tabu search algorithm
Grover A, Mohan Kumar R, Angurala M, Singh M, Sheetal A, Maheswar R (2022) Rate aware congestion control mechanism for wireless sensor networks. Alexandria Eng J 61(6):4765–4777
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2024 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Kumar, A., Lobiyal, D.K. (2024). Congestion Management Techniques in WSNs: A Comparative Study. In: Chaturvedi, A., Hasan, S.U., Roy, B.K., Tsaban, B. (eds) Cryptology and Network Security with Machine Learning. ICCNSML 2023. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 918. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-0641-9_18
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-0641-9_18
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-97-0640-2
Online ISBN: 978-981-97-0641-9
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)