Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Conclusion and Suggestions

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Strengthening Regional Trade Integration in South Asia

  • 115 Accesses

Abstract

Regional integration in the contemporary world is a multi-dimensional and multifaceted phenomenon which is spearheaded by organisations with multi-sectoral functions. It is the third wave of regional integration which is highly amorphous and discursive in nature which covers every nation of the globe. However, the benefit of the third wave of regionalism could not reach every regional integration setup. SAARC is one of such regional setups which could not achieve substantially at the regional integration front. Nonetheless, SAARC as a region has great economic potential owing to its demographic advantage, geographical proximity, natural resources and a large market. By bringing certain structural changes in the functioning of SAARC, greater integration can be achieved.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 109.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    On the basis Jagdish Bhagwati’s classification which divided the development of regional integration into two phases, namely, the first wave of regionalism and the second wave of regionalism. For a detailed discussion, refer to Chap. 2. Bhagwati (1992).

  2. 2.

    Expression used by Ernest B Haas in reference to the functioning of international organisations in Haas (1990) Also see Haas and Haas (1995).

  3. 3.

    The World Bank Report, 2016. http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/infographic/2016/05/24/the-potential-of-intra-regional-trade-for-south-asia. Accessed 22 July 2020.

  4. 4.

    Indian Export, Region-wise all commodities (8 digit HS Code), South Asian Region during 2019–20 [April–Feb. (P)]. Source: Export Import Data Bank, Department of Commerce, Government of India. https://commerce-app.gov.in/eidb/default.asp. Accessed 22 June 2020.

    Indian Imports, Region-wise all commodities (8 digit HS Code), South Asian Region during 2019–20 [April–Feb. (P)]. Source: Export Import Data Bank, Department of Commerce, Government of India. https://commerce-app.gov.in/eidb/default.asp. Accessed 22 June 2020.

  5. 5.

    Bastiampillai (1996).

  6. 6.

    World Trade Report 2015, World Trade Organisation.

  7. 7.

    See Haas (1980), Sebenius (1983), Stein (1980), Johnson and Urpelainen (2012).

  8. 8.

    Basu (1997).

  9. 9.

    See Chap. 3.

  10. 10.

    See the official website of APEC. APEC Business Travel Card. http://www.apec.org/About-Us/About-APEC/Business-Resources/APEC-Business-Travel-Card.aspx. Accessed 23 July 2020.

  11. 11.

    Jayasuriya et al. (2005).

  12. 12.

    Mundell (1961).

  13. 13.

    See Mundell (1961), Frankel and Rose (1998).

  14. 14.

    See McKinnon (1963), Grubel (1970).

  15. 15.

    People’s SAARC Charter, 25 March 2007, Kathmandu, Nepal. People’s SAARC is an independent civil society body and people’s movement to unify South Asia for deepening democracy, social justice and peace. Its main objective is to establish a people-to-people forum.

References

  • Bastiampillai, B. (1996). A Sri Lankan looks at SAARC: A decade later. Sri Lankan Journal of International Law, 8(11).

    Google Scholar 

  • Basu, T. (1997). It was a year of The Gujral doctrine. Business Standard, December 29, 1997, Retrieved July 23, 2020, from http://www.business-standard.com/article/specials/it-was-a-year-of-the-gujral-doctrine-197122901053_1.html.

  • Bhagwati, J. (1992). Regionalism versus multilateralism. The World Economy, 15(5), 535–556.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frankel, J. A., & Rose, A. K. (1998). The endogeneity of the optimum currency area criteria. The Economic Journal, 108(449), 1009–1025.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grubel, H. G. (1970). The theory of optimum currency areas. The Canadian Journal of Economics, 3(2), 318–324.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Haas, E. B. (1980). Why collaborate? Issue-linkage and international regimes. World Politics, 32(3), 357–405.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haas, E. B. (1990). When knowledge is power: Three models of change in international organisations. Berkeley: University of California Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haas, P. M., & Haas, E. B. (1995). Learning to learn: Some thoughts on improving international governance of global problematique. In Issues in global governance, ed. Commission on Global Governance (p. 304). London: Kluwer Law International, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jayasuriya, S., Maskay, N. M., Weerakoon, D., Khatiwada, Y. R., & Kurukulasuriya, S. (2005). A single currency for South Asia: Economics and politics of monetary integration. Economic and Political Weekly, 40(29), 3159–3166.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, T., & Urpelainen, J. (2012). A strategic theory of regime integration and separation. International Organization, 66(4), 645–677.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McKinnon, R. I. (1963). Optimum currency areas. The American Economic Review, 53(4), 717–725.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mundell, R. A. (1961). A theory of optimum currency areas. The American Economic Review, 51(4), 657–665.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sebenius, J. K. (1983). Negotiation arithmetic: Adding and subtracting issues and parties. International Organization, 37(2), 281–316.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stein, A. A. (1980). The politics of linkage. World Politics, 33(1), 62–81.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Law, National Law University Odisha, Cuttack, Odisha, India

    Dr. Owais Hasan Khan

Authors
  1. Dr. Owais Hasan Khan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Owais Hasan Khan .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Khan, O.H. (2021). Conclusion and Suggestions. In: Strengthening Regional Trade Integration in South Asia. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6777-7_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6777-7_6

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-33-6776-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-33-6777-7

  • eBook Packages: Law and CriminologyLaw and Criminology (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation