Provincial Environmental Policy Networks: From Participation to Stabilisation

Abstract

The previous chapter discussed how, in the national environmental domain, which in theory was defined as being non-political, the structure of policy network shifted over time, as a result of the policies of the reformist and conservative states, and therefore changed the scope of E-NGOs in Iran. This chapter traces the trajectory of provincial policy networks in the case of Golestan province where the environmental issues have been often sensitive high profile. The chapter shows that during the reformist period the network was pluralistic issue network with a diverse set of environmental actors and interests competing with one another; but the policies of the conservative administration changed it to a consistent stable policy community.