Abstract
The European Union’s free trade agreement has recently changed to impact a new generation, with a greater emphasis on the European Union’s values. Reflecting this, the free trade agreement between the European Union and Korea became effective in December 2015, with a ‘trade and sustainable development’ chapter. Similarly, the economic partnership agreement between the European Union and Japan has a similar section, but with further detail. The parties in these chapters agreed to reaffirm the importance of free trade and the relationships between free trade and climate, as well as workers’ rights. The European Commission considered the free trade agreement between the European Union and Korea in calling for government consultations on workers’ rights with Korea. While it is still early, the Commission may require similar consultations with Japan. When we observe the recent changes in world trade, protectionist movements are becoming increasingly popular; therefore, it is noteworthy that the economic partnership agreement between the European Union and Japan—which is considered a ‘mega’ free trade agreement—should appealing benefits from such free trades in spite of their value to the European Union.
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Notes
- 1.
Woolcock [21].
- 2.
Simon [20].
- 3.
Daniel and Marc [3].
- 4.
European Commission [8].
- 5.
European Commission [11].
- 6.
European Commission [10].
- 7.
European Commission [4].
- 8.
European Parliament [5].
- 9.
European Commission [12].
- 10.
European Commission, op. cit. (7).
- 11.
Official Journal of the European Union [15].
- 12.
European Commission [9].
- 13.
CBC News [1].
- 14.
Cheong [2].
- 15.
Official Journal of the European Union [16].
- 16.
Pardo et al. [18].
- 17.
European Commission [6].
- 18.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan [13].
- 19.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan, Strategic Partnership Agreement between the European Union and its Member States, of One Part and Japan, of the Other Part. https://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/files/000381942.pdf, accessed 21 Dec 2019.
- 20.
New Zealand Foreign Affairs and Trade [14].
- 21.
Shujiro Urata [19].
- 22.
Official Journal of the European Union [17].
- 23.
European Commission [7].
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Kubo, H. (2021). The EU-Korea Free Trade Agreement Versus the EU-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement. In: Yoshii, M., Yi, CD. (eds) An Economic Analysis of Korea–EU FTA and Japan–EU EPA. Kobe University Monograph Series in Social Science Research. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6145-4_2
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