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Pharmacogenetic/Pharmacogenomic Tests for Treatment Prediction in Depression

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Major Depressive Disorder

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1305))

Abstract

Genetic factors play a significant but complex role in antidepressant (AD) response and tolerability. During recent years, there is growing enthusiasm in the promise of pharmacogenetic/pharmacogenomic (PGx) tools for optimizing and personalizing treatment outcomes for patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). The influence of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic genes on response and tolerability has been investigated, including those encoding the cytochrome P450 superfamily, P-glycoprotein, monoaminergic transporters and receptors, intracellular signal transduction pathways, and the stress hormone system. Genome-wide association studies are also identifying new genetic variants associated with AD response phenotypes, which, combined with methods such as polygenic risk scores (PRS), is opening up new avenues for novel personalized treatment approaches for MDD. This chapter describes the basic concepts in PGx of AD response, reviews the major pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic genes involved in AD outcome, discusses PRS as a promising approach for predicting AD efficacy and tolerability, and addresses key challenges to the development and application of PGx tests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pharmacogenetics Research Clinic, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada

    Farhana Islam, Ilona Gorbovskaya & Daniel J. Müller

  2. Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Farhana Islam & Daniel J. Müller

  3. Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Daniel J. Müller

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  1. Farhana Islam
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  2. Ilona Gorbovskaya
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  3. Daniel J. Müller
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Correspondence to Daniel J. Müller .

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  1. Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Ansan Hospital, College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea (Republic of)

    Yong-Ku Kim

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Islam, F., Gorbovskaya, I., Müller, D.J. (2021). Pharmacogenetic/Pharmacogenomic Tests for Treatment Prediction in Depression. In: Kim, YK. (eds) Major Depressive Disorder. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1305. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6044-0_13

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