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Difructose Anhydrides-Producing Fructotransferase: Characteristics, Catalytic Mechanism, and Applications

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Novel enzymes for functional carbohydrates production

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Abstract

Difructose anhydrides (DFAs) are tricyclic fructo-disaccharides consisting two reciprocal glycosidic linkages. Recently, DFAs have attracted increasing attention from food industry, since their occurrence in food product. DFAs acted as low-calorie sweeteners, with multiple functional properties, and have been commercially utilized. DFAs are mainly synthesized from fructans, including inulin and levan. Inulin can be decomposed into DFA III and DFA I by two types of inulin fructotransferase (IFTase), DFA III-forming IFTase (EC 4.2.2.18) and DFA I-forming IFTase (EC 4.2.2.17), respectively. Levan can be hydrolyzed into DFA IV by levan fructotransferase (LFTase, EC 4.2.2.16). The overall structure and the catalytic mechanism of IFTase have been elucidated. Additionally, the molecular modification of IFTase has been discussed. An ultrafiltration membrane bioreactor (UFMB) system has been efficiently applied to enhance the production of DFAs. In the future, research focused on screening for novel DFAs-forming enzymes with higher performance, elaborating the difference of catalytic mechanism between different types of enzymes, and expanding the functional properties and application should be conducted.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China

    Mei Cheng, Yingying Zhu & Wanmeng Mu

  2. International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China

    Wanmeng Mu

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    Wanmeng Mu

  2. Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China

    Wenli Zhang

  3. Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China

    Qiuming Chen

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Cheng, M., Zhu, Y., Mu, W. (2021). Difructose Anhydrides-Producing Fructotransferase: Characteristics, Catalytic Mechanism, and Applications. In: Mu, W., Zhang, W., Chen, Q. (eds) Novel enzymes for functional carbohydrates production. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6021-1_8

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