Abstract
Stem cells are a reserve of unique cells with self-renewal property. It differentiates into organ-specific cells to replace the dead tissues to restore the physiological functions. Based on their ability to differentiate into the whole organism, cells of all the three germ layers, cells of particular germline, or only the target cells, they are termed as totipotent, pluripotent, multipotent, or progenitor stem cells, respectively. Based on their source, they are classified as embryonic, non-embryonic, mesenchymal, perinatal, cancer, and induced pluripotent stem cells. The self-renewal and differentiation properties of stem cells made them an ideal therapeutic tool to treat diseases associated with tissue loss. Hence, the major neurological, musculoskeletal, skin, hematological, cardiac diseases, and diabetes mellitus once thought to be nontreatable has now gained the hope of remedy on the use of organ-specific stem cells. In addition, stem cells have been engineered for targeted enzyme prodrug delivery for the treatment of deep-seated tumors like glioblastoma. The major limitation in the use of stem cells for therapy is its propensity to form teratoma and distribution in nonpreferred sites. Hence, tailoring the stem cells to reach the desired niche and to restore the physiological functions is underway to develop a promising therapeutic modality for treating the various challenging diseases in the medical field.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Bibliography
Branski LK, Gauglitz GG, Herndon DN, Jeschke MG (2009) A review of gene and stem cell therapy in cutaneous wound healing. Burns 35:171–180
Chagastelles PC, Nardi NB (2011) Biology of stem cells: an overview. Kidney Int Suppl (2011) 1:63–67
El-Badawy A, El-Badri N (2016) Clinical efficacy of stem cell therapy for diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis. PLoS One 11:e0151938
Herberts CA, Kwa MSG, Hermsen HPH (2011) Risk factors in the development of stem cell therapy. J Transl Med 9:29
Hibi H, Yamada Y, Kagami H, Ueda M (2006) Distraction osteogenesis assisted by tissue engineering in an irradiated mandible: a case report. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 21:141–147
Horwitz EM, Gordon PL, Koo WK et al (2002) Isolated allogeneic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells engraft and stimulate growth in children with osteogenesis imperfecta: implications for cell therapy of bone. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99:8932–8937
Lindvall O, Kokaia Z (2006) Stem cell for the treatment of neurological disorders. Nature 441:1094–1096
Lucarelli G, Isgrò A, Sodani P, Gaziev J (2012) Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in thalassemia and sickle cell anemia. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2:a011825
Morishita T et al (2006) Tissue engineering approach to the treatment of bone tumors: three cases of cultured bone grafts derived from patients’ mesenchymal stem cells. Artif Organs 30:115–118
Segers VFM, Lee RT (2008) Stem-cell therapy for cardiac disease. Nature 451:937–942
Shin TH, Kim HS, Choi SW, Kang KS (2017) Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for inflammatory skin diseases: clinical potential and mode of action. Int J Mol Sci 18:pii:E244
Srivastava D, Ivey KN (2006) Potential of stem-cell-based therapies for heart disease. Nature 441:1097–1099
Tian H, Qu Q, Liu L, Wu D (2016) Advances in stem cell therapy for leukemia. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 11:158–165
Vacanti MP, Roy A, Cortiella J, Bonassar L, Vacanti CA (2001) Identification and initial characterization of spore-like cells in adult mammals. J Cell Biochem 80:455–460
Zhang CL, Huang T, Wu BL, He WX, Liu D (2017) Stem cells in cancer therapy: opportunities and challenges. Oncotarget 8(43):75756–75766
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Devaraju, P., Kaliyaperumal, D., Madhavan, T. (2019). Stem Cell Therapy. In: Raj, G., Raveendran, R. (eds) Introduction to Basics of Pharmacology and Toxicology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9779-1_24
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9779-1_24
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-32-9778-4
Online ISBN: 978-981-32-9779-1
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)