Skip to main content

Fabrication of Gradient Density Components Through Extrusion-Based Additive Manufacturing

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Advances in Additive Manufacturing and Joining

Abstract

Due to its sequential and localized manner of material addition, additive manufacturing (AM) is very suitable to fabricate components with gradient density. This study attempts to generate components with gradient density through extrusion-based AM process using Hilbert area-filling curve. Four square samples having different infill density were fabricated by fused filament fabrication. A silicon membrane covering the various regions of the pattern was applied on one side of the surface, which helps in the experimental measurement when subjected to loading. Further, a demonstration case study of a shoe sole was taken to generate and fabricate with the gradient density based on the foot pressure data. Deflections of the membrane at different locations when subjected to uniform loading were measured. The behavior of the fabricated sample matched with the desired foot pressure data, thus validating the approach. This study can provide the basic framework to generate a gradient density component.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 229.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 299.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 299.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Ning, F., Cong, W., Qiu, J., Wei, J., Wang, S.: Additive manufacturing of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites using fused deposition modeling. Compos. Part B 80, 369–378 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2015.06.013

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Kou, X.Y., Tan, S.T.: Heterogeneous object modeling: a review. Comput. Aided Des. 39, 284–301 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cad.2006.12.007

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Wu, X., Liu, W., Wang, M.Y.: A CAD modeling system for heterogeneous object. Adv. Eng. Softw. 39, 444–453 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advengsoft.2007.03.002

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Gupta, V., Kasana, K.S., Tandon, P.: Computer aided design modeling for heterogeneous objects. Int. J. Comput. Sci. Issues 7(2) (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Wang, M.Y., Wang, X.: A level-set based variational method for design and optimization of heterogeneous objects. Comput. Aided Des. 37, 321–337 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cad.2004.03.007

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Qian, X., Dutta, D.: Feature-based design for heterogeneous objects. Comput. Aided Des. 36, 1263–1278 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cad.2004.01.012

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Watari, F., Kondo, H., Matsuo, S., Miyao, R., Yokoyama, A., Omori, M., Hirai, T., Tamura, Y., Uo, M., Ohara, N., Kawasaki, T.: Development of functionally graded implant and dental post for bio-medical application. Mater. Sci. Forum 423–425, 321–326 (2003). https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.423-425.321

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Mahamood, R.M., Akinlabi, E.T.: Functionally graded material: an overview, vol. III. In: Proceedings of the World Congress on Engineering, London, UK (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Gupta, B.: Few studies on biomedical applications of functionally graded material. Int. J. Eng. Technol. Sci. Res. 4(3), 2394–3386 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Sai, H.B.V.: Review on functionally gradient materials (FGMs) and their applications. Int. J. Curr. Eng. Technol. 8 (2018). https://doi.org/10.14741/ijcet.v8i01.10894

  11. Abbas, T.F., Othman, F.M., Ali, H.B.: Effect of infill parameter on compression property in FDM process. Int. J. Eng. Res. Appl. 7(10), 16–19 (2017). https://doi.org/10.9790/9622-0710021619

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Baich, L., Manogharan, G.: Study of infill print parameters on mechanical strength and production cost-time of 3D printed ABS parts. Int. J. Rapid Manuf. 5 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1504/ijrapidm.2015.074809

  13. Kumar, N., Shaikh, S., Jain, P.K., Tandon, P.: Effect of fractal curve based toolpath on part strength in fused deposition modelling. Int. J. Rapid Manuf. 5(2) (2015). https://doi.org/10.1504/ijrapidm.2015.073576

  14. Shaikh, S., Kumar, N., Jain, P.K., Tandon, P.: Hilbert curve based toolpath for FDM process. In: Mandal, D.K., Syan, C.S. (eds.) CAD/CAM, Robotics and Factories of the Future, pp. 751–759. Springer, New Delhi (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2740-3_72

  15. Papacharalampopoulos, A., Bikas, H., Stavropoulos, P.: Path planning for the infill of 3D printed parts utilizing Hilbert curves. Procedia Manuf. 21, 757–764 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2018.02.181

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Roger, F., Krawczak, P.: 3D-printing of thermoplastic structures by FDM using heterogeneous infill and multi-materials: an integrated design-advanced manufacturing approach for factories of the future. In 22nd Congrès Français de Mécanique Conference, Lyon, France (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Foot pressure distribution. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedobarography. Accessed 15 May 2018

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shashi Ranjan Mohan .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Mohan, S.R., Simhambhatla, S. (2020). Fabrication of Gradient Density Components Through Extrusion-Based Additive Manufacturing. In: Shunmugam, M., Kanthababu, M. (eds) Advances in Additive Manufacturing and Joining. Lecture Notes on Multidisciplinary Industrial Engineering. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9433-2_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9433-2_7

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-32-9432-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-32-9433-2

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics