Abstract
The relationship between civil rights and state power is not only an essential aspect of constitutional law but also the theoretical foundation for constitutional law. Yet, state power and civil rights are not on an equal footing speaking of their basic contradictory relation in the Constitution.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsNotes
- 1.
Tucker [1, p. 12].
- 2.
Chongde [2, pp. 173, 227, and 181].
- 3.
Chongde [2, p. 277].
- 4.
For specifics, refer to the 1954 Constitution, 1975 Constitution, 1978 Constitution, and 1982 Constitution.
- 5.
In the 1982 Constitution, foreigners’ rights are stipulated in Article 32, Chapter I “General Principles” rather than Chapter II “The Fundamental Rights and Duties of Citizens,” so it is not contained herein.
- 6.
Chongde [2, p. 573].
- 7.
Han and Lin [3].
- 8.
Zhengbang [4, p. 200].
- 9.
Laifan [5, p. 182].
- 10.
Qianfan [6, pp. 282–288].
- 11.
Xinmin [7, pp. 347–348].
- 12.
Donnelly [8, p. 10].
- 13.
Dayuan [9].
- 14.
Xianming [10, p. 3].
- 15.
Hainian and Jiafu [11, p. 481].
- 16.
State Council Information Office [12, p. 1].
- 17.
Yong [13, pp. 177–180].
- 18.
Ashibe [14, pp. 77–78].
- 19.
Vincent [15, p. 85].
- 20.
Xinmin [7, p. 691].
- 21.
- 22.
See Footnote 13.
- 23.
According to preliminary statistics, articles centering on “incorporating new rights in the Constitution” could be searched via Chinese academic periodical net and numbered around 190 between 1994 and 2011.
- 24.
Zhen [18, p. 61].
- 25.
Alexy [19, p. xix].
- 26.
For specific demonstrations, see Zhen [18, pp. 62–69].
- 27.
Zhenshan [20, pp. 3–4].
- 28.
See Footnote 1.
- 29.
Henkin [21, p. 31].
- 30.
Tucker [1, p. 143].
- 31.
Tucker [1, p. 146].
- 32.
Tucker [1, p. 136].
References
Robert C. Tucker: Anthologies of Marx & Engels, Volume III, People’s Publishing House, 1972 edition.
Xu Chongde: Constitutional History of the People’s Republic of China, Fujian People’s Publishing House, 2003 edition.
Liu Han, Li Lin: A Preliminary Study of the Marxist View of Human Rights, China Legal Science, 1991, Issue 4.
Chief Editor Wen Zhengbang: A Course in Constitutional Law, China Law Press, 2005 edition.
Lin Laifan: From Constitutional to Normative Constitution-A Preface of Normative Constitutional Law, China Law Press, 2001 edition.
Zhang Qianfan: Constitutionalism, Rule of Law and Economic Development, Peking University Press, 2004 edition.
Chen Xinmin: Basic Theory of Public Law in Germany (Volume Two), Shandong People’s Publishing House, 2001 edition.
Jack Donnelly: Universal Human Rights in Theory and Practice, translated by Wang Puqu et al., China Social Sciences Press, 2001 edition.
Han Dayuan: The Origin and Transformation of the Concept of Fundamental Rights in China, China Legal Science, 2009, Issue 6.
Chief Editor Xu Xianming: International Human Rights Law, China Law Press, 2004 edition.
Chief editors Liu Hainian, Wang Jiafu: The Human Rights Encyclopedia of China, the Encyclopedia of China Publishing House, 1998 edition.
State Council Information Office: Human Rights in China, Central Party Literature Press, 1991 edition.
Xia Yong: The Origin of the Concept of Human Rights: A Historical Philosophy of Rights, China University of Political Science and Law Press, 2001 edition.
[Japan] Nobuyoshi Ashibe: Constitutional Law (Third Edition), translated by Lin Laifan, Ling Weici and Long Xunli, Peking University Press, 2006 edition.
[Britain] R. J. Vincent: Human Rights and International Relations, translated by Ling Di, Huang Lie and Zhu Xiaoqing, Knowledge Publishing House, 1998 edition.
Chief Editor Xu Chongde: Constitution, China Renmin University Press, 2009 edition.
Chief Editor Zhou Yezhong: Constitution, Higher Education Press, Peking University Press, 2007 edition.
Zhang Zhen: On the Right to Environment as a Fundamental Right, China Law Press, 2010 edition.
Robert Alexy: A Theory of Constitution Rights, translated by Julian Rivers, Oxford University Press, 2002, p.xix.
Li Zhenshan: Human Dignity and Human Rights Protection, ANGLE Publishing Co., Ltd., 2000 edition.
[U.S.] Louis Henkin: The Age of Rights, translated by Xin Chunying, Wu Yuzhang and Li Lin, Knowledge Publishing House, 1997 edition.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Social Sciences Academic Press
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Zhen, Z. (2020). The 1982 Constitution and Human Rights: Thirty Years of Social Change and Its Constitutional Implications. In: Li, L., Mo, J., Zhai, G. (eds) Constitutional Development in China, 1982-2012. Research Series on the Chinese Dream and China’s Development Path. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9261-1_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9261-1_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-32-9259-8
Online ISBN: 978-981-32-9261-1
eBook Packages: Law and CriminologyLaw and Criminology (R0)