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Major Seed-Borne Diseases of Agricultural Crops: International Trade of Agricultural Products and Role of Quarantine

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Seed-Borne Diseases of Agricultural Crops: Detection, Diagnosis & Management

Abstract

The global movement of agri-horti products has the potential of introducing new insect pests and pathogens which may cause potential risk to the agriculture of the importing country. The National Plant Protection Services assumes the responsibility for protecting their countries from the unwanted entry of new pathogens and for coordinating programmes to eradicate those that have recently arrived and are still sufficiently confined for their elimination to be realistic. The exclusion can be achieved by a combination of regulatory and technical approach that can ensure biosecurity for a region. In India, the Directorate of Plant Protection, Quarantine and Storage under the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare is responsible for enforcing quarantine regulations and for quarantine inspection and disinfestation of agricultural commodities meant for commercial purpose. The imported germplasm material including transgenics are subjected to quarantine processing at the ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi. The draft of Agricultural Biosecurity Bill is under consideration by the Indian Government. The strategies for biosecurity against plant viruses include stringent quarantine measures for imported material, domestic quarantine and use of certified disease-free seeds and other planting materials within the country. Adopting a workable strategy, several pathogens of quarantine significance have been intercepted, and the risk of introduction of these pathogens in India was thus eliminated. Adopting the appropriate technique and the right strategy for pathogen detection would go a long way in ensuring safe trade/exchange of germplasm and the biosecurity of Indian agriculture from transboundary introduction of plant pathogens.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Virology Laboratory, Division of Plant Quarantine, ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India

    V. Celia Chalam, D. D. Deepika, G. J. Abhishek & A. K. Maurya

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  1. V. Celia Chalam
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  2. D. D. Deepika
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  3. G. J. Abhishek
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  4. A. K. Maurya
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to V. Celia Chalam .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Regional Station, Karnal, Haryana, India

    Ravindra Kumar

  2. ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Regional Station, Karnal, Haryana, India

    Anuja Gupta

Annexure

Annexure

  1. 1.

    ISPM 1: Phytosanitary principles for the protection of plants and the application of phytosanitary measures in international trade

  2. 2.

    ISPM 2: Framework for pest risk analysis

  3. 3.

    ISPM 3: Guidelines for the export, shipment, import and release of biological control agents and other beneficial organisms

  4. 4.

    ISPM 4: Requirements for the establishment of pest free areas

  5. 5.

    ISPM 5: Glossary of phytosanitary terms

  6. 6.

    ISPM 6: Surveillance

  7. 7.

    ISPM 7: Phytosanitary certification system

  8. 8.

    ISPM 8: Determination of pest status in an area

  9. 9.

    ISPM 9: Guidelines for pest eradication programmes

  10. 10.

    ISPM 10: Requirements for the establishment of pest free places of production and pest-free production sites

  11. 11.

    ISPM 11: Pest risk analysis for quarantine pests

  12. 12.

    ISPM 12: Phytosanitary certificates

  13. 13.

    ISPM 13: Guidelines for the notification of non- compliance and emergency action

  14. 14.

    ISPM 14: The use of integrated measure in a systems approach for pest risk management

  15. 15.

    ISPM 15: Regulation of wood packaging material in international trade

  16. 16.

    ISPM 16: Regulated non-quarantine pests: concept and application

  17. 17.

    ISPM 17: Pest reporting

  18. 18.

    ISPM 18: Guidelines for the use of irradiation as a phytosanitary measure

  19. 19.

    ISPM 19: Guidelines on lists of regulated pests

  20. 20.

    ISPM 20: Guidelines for phytosanitary import regulatory system

  21. 21.

    ISPM 21: Pest risk analysis for regulated non-quarantine pests

  22. 22.

    ISPM 22: Requirements for the establishment of areas of low pest prevalence

  23. 23.

    ISPM 23: Guidelines for inspection

  24. 24.

    ISPM 24: Guidelines for the determination and recognition of equivalence of phytosanitary measures

  25. 25.

    ISPM 25: Consignments in transit

  26. 26.

    ISPM 26: Establishment of pest-free areas for fruit flies (Tephritidae)

  27. 27.

    ISPM 27: Diagnostic protocols for regulated pests

  28. 28.

    ISPM 28: Phytosanitary treatments for regulated pests

  29. 29.

    ISPM 29: Recognition of pest-free areas and areas of low pest prevalence

  30. 30.

    ISPM 30: Revoked. Establishment of areas of low pest prevalence for fruit flies (Tephritidae)

  31. 31.

    ISPM 31: Methodologies for sampling of consignments

  32. 32.

    ISPM 32: Categorization of commodities according to their pest risk

  33. 33.

    ISPM 33: Pest free potato (Solanum spp.) micropropagative material and minitubers for international trade

  34. 34.

    ISPM 34: Design and operation of post-entry quarantine stations for plants

  35. 35.

    ISPM 35: Systems approach for pest risk management of fruit flies (Tephritidae)

  36. 36.

    ISPM 36: Integrated measures for plants for planting

  37. 37.

    ISPM 37: Determination of host status of fruit to fruit flies (Tephritidae)

  38. 38.

    ISPM 38. International movement of seeds

  39. 39.

    ISPM 39: International movement of wood

  40. 40.

    ISPM 40: International movement of growing media in association with plants for planting

  41. 41.

    ISPM 41: International movement of used vehicles, machinery and equipment

  42. 42.

    ISPM 42: Requirements for the use of temperature treatments as phytosanitary measures

  43. 43.

    ISPM 43: Requirements for the use of fumigation as a phytosanitary measure

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Chalam, V.C., Deepika, D.D., Abhishek, G.J., Maurya, A.K. (2020). Major Seed-Borne Diseases of Agricultural Crops: International Trade of Agricultural Products and Role of Quarantine. In: Kumar, R., Gupta, A. (eds) Seed-Borne Diseases of Agricultural Crops: Detection, Diagnosis & Management. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9046-4_2

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