Abstract
This chapter is about theory and practice on the relationship between poverty reduction, natural resources and governance. The objective in this chapter is an attempt to offer a systematic explanation to the questions: Why poverty? Can poverty be alleviated? And if yes, by what strategies or how can livelihoods be made sustainable? The underlying objective of any theories is to provide systematic explanation between phenomena or events and their occurrence. Having settled on specific theoretical stance, individuals and/or societies will then embark on implementing such theoretical precepts, hence the practice. Therefore, this chapter incorporates Islamic theoretical stance and other conventional theoretical perspectives on the subject matter.
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Notes
- 1.
The lead author benefitted immensely from his personal conversations with Professor (retired) Saiyad Fareed Ahmad in Dallas, Texas, USA (my M.A. thesis supervisor) on this subject. For details, see his article entitled ‘Why Does God Allow Evil and Suffering?’ Hamdard Islamicus Vol XXIX, No. 1, 2006: 89–106. See also his book God, Islam, and the Sceptic Mind: A Study on Faith, Religious Diversity, Ethics and the Problem of Evil. (2004). Blue Nile Publishing Co-authored with Salahuddin Saiyad Ahmad.
- 2.
For more information, visit: http://www.albalagh.net/kids/history/administration_umar.shtml
- 3.
This underscores the important role that Islam can play to forestall poverty, squalor and deprivation among Muslims, if religious solidarity is placed on the right context. For details, visit: “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asabiyyah”.
- 4.
The Washington-Consensus, according to Adelman and Yeldan (1999, p. 5), became the dominant slogan for development policy during the 1980s when the Washington-based international institutions—World Bank and the IMF—successfully imposed their ‘Evil government’ philosophy on the developing countries through their loan conditionality, that is, ‘Marketize, Liberalize and Tighten-your-Belt Policies’.
- 5.
Dr. Ahmad has been the sitting President of the Islamic Development Bank (IDB) group, as of 2012 [when] this study was undertaken. These observations were made by him at the second World Islamic Economic Forum held in Pakistan, Islamabad, in November 2006.
- 6.
I am using IDB member countries here because IDB is the financial wing of the Islamic countries, particularly the OIC.
- 7.
For details visit: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_Human_Development_Index. Accessed 13 March 2008.
- 8.
This is contained in the Malaysian Quality of Life Index prepared by the Economic Planning Unit in partnership with other Departments and Ministries such as the Department of Statistics, Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Higher Education.
- 9.
This has been obtained from the Malaysian Quality of Life Index prepared by the Economic Planning Unit in partnership with other Departments and Ministries such as the Department of Statistics, Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Higher Education.
- 10.
This poverty rate is contained in a paper presented by Abdul-Ganiyu Obatoyinbo, Secretary of the Nigerian’s National Poverty Reduction Programme at the International Conference on Poverty Alleviation: Challenges for the Islamic World. University of Malaya, 2–3 August 2007.
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Abdulai, AM., Shamshiry, E. (2014). Theory and Practice on the Nexus Between Poverty, Natural Resources and Governance. In: Linking Sustainable Livelihoods to Natural Resources and Governance. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-053-7_2
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