Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Dangerous Misogyny of the Digital World: The Case of the Manosphere

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
The Digital Global Condition

Abstract

The advent of the World Wide Web created new digital worlds consisting of networked blogs, websites, chatrooms and forums for every topic under the sun (or in the shadows). An unintended side effect of such digital communities is that they have enabled individuals with extreme beliefs to find others to validate their grievances and encourage them to action. One of the largest and most notable of these communities is known as the ‘Manosphere’, an anti-women digital world that foments extreme misogyny, dehumanising women and, at its deepest levels, advocating for violence against all things feminist. This chapter will lay out the contours of the Manosphere and illuminate the major threats arising from this online space.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    The term Manosphere first appeared on a Blogspot Blog to describe the online community of interest groups focused on men. Later popularised by Ian Ironwood—porn marketer and pseudonymous author of the self-published The Manosphere: A New Hope for Masculinity. See: Ging, D. 2017. Alphas, Betas, and Incels: Theorizing the Masculinities of the Manosphere. Men and Masculinities, 1097184X1770640. Ironwood, I. 2013. The Manosphere: A New Hope for Masculinity. Otto, NC: Red Pill Press.

  2. 2.

    Though this is the cornerstone definition of hegemonic masculinity, the idea has been critiqued by both its originator and others. See Connell, R. W. & Messerschmidt, J. W. 2005. Hegemonic Masculinity: Rethinking the Concept. Gender and Society, 19, 829-859, Demetriou, D. Z. 2001. Connell’s Concept of Hegemonic Masculinity: A Critique. Theory and Society, 30, 337–361.

  3. 3.

    Toxic masculinity in this context can be understood as masculinity that “involves the need to aggressively compete and dominate other and encompasses the most problematic proclivities in men”. See Kupers, T. A. & Rochlen A. B. 2005. Toxic masculinity as a barrier to mental health treatment in prison. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 61, 713–724.

  4. 4.

    This observation is based on six months of immersive familiarisation undertaken by the author on incels.me and the Reddit subreddit r/braincels before it was banned in 2019. Ethical clearance for human research was received for the research.

  5. 5.

    This observation is based on six months of immersive familiarisation undertaken by the author in on incels.me and the Reddit subreddit r/braincels before it was banned in 2019. Ethical clearance for human research was received for the research.

References

  • Alzahrani, H. (2016). Artificial Intelligence: Uses and Misuses. Global Journal of Computer Science and Technology, 16(1), 21–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anonymous. (2009). The Rosetta Stone of Women’s Behavior [Online]. r/TheRedPill: Reddit. Retrieved January 29, 2020, from http://archive.is/LP5eO

  • Anti-Defamation League, C. O. E. (n.d.). When Women are the Enemy: The Intersection of Misogyny and White Supremacy. Anti-Defamation League.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barlow, R. (2018). Call It What You Want—The ‘Incel Rebellion’ Is Terrorism. Cognoscenti, 30 April.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bartlett, J., Norrie, R., Patel, S., Rumpel, R., & Wibberley, S. (2014). Misogyny on Twitter.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bates, L. (2021). Men Who Hate Women: From Incels to Pickup Artists: The Truth About Extreme Misogyny and How It Affects Us All. Sourcebooks, Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baumeister, R. F., & Mendoza, J. P. (2011). Cultural Variations in the Sexual Marketplace: Gender Equality Correlates with More Sexual Activity. The Journal of Social Psychology, 151, 350–360.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baumeister, R. F., & Vohs, K. D. (2004). Sexual Economics: Sex as Female Resource for Social Exchange in Heterosexual Interactions. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 8, 339–363.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bennett, W. L. (2012). The Personalization of Politics: Political Identity, Social Media, and Changing Patterns of Participation. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 644, 20–39.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bennett, W. L., & Segerberg, A. (2012). The Logid of Connective Action: Digital Media and the Personalization of Contentious Politics. Information, Communication & Society, 15, 739–768.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blodgett, B., & Salter, A. (2018). Ghostbusters is For Boys: Understanding Geek Masculinity’s Role in the Alt-Right. Communication, Culture & Critique, 11, 133–146.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blommaert, J. (2018). Online-Offline Modes of Identity and Community: Elliot Rodger’s Twisted World of Masculine Victimhood. Cultural Practices of Victimhood. Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Braithwaite, A. (2016). It’s About Ethics in Games Journalism? Gamergaters and Geek Masculinity. Social Media +Society, 2, 205630511667248.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brzuszkiewicz, S. (2020). Incel Radical Milieu and External Locus of Control. The Hague (ICCT) Evolution in Counter-Terrorism. The International Centre for Counter-Terrorism.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cauterucci, C. (2017). Besty DeVos Plans to Consult Men’s Rights Trolls about Campus Sexual Assult. Slate. Online: Notable.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cauterucci, C. (2016). Members of a Men’s rights Group Sued a Women’s Networking Group for Sex Discrimination. Slate. Online.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chan, E. (2020). The Rise of the Manosphere and Extremist Gender-Based Ideological Groups Online. Women’s Policy Journal of Harvard, 14, 56–68.

    Google Scholar 

  • Citron, D. K. (2014). Hate Crimes in Cyberspace. Harvard University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Citron, D. K., & Franks, M. A. (2014). Criminalizing Revenge Porn. Wake Forest Law Review, 49, 345.

    Google Scholar 

  • Citron, D. K., & Norton, H. (2011). Intermediaries and Hate Speech: Fostering Digital Citizenship for Our Information Age. Boston University Law Review, 91, 1435.

    Google Scholar 

  • CNN Staff. (2014). Transcript of Video Linked to Santa Barbara Mass Shooting. CNN, 28 May.

    Google Scholar 

  • Connell, R. W. (1987). Gender and Power: Society, the Person and Sexual Politics. Allen & Unwin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Connell, R. W. (1995). Masculinities. University of California Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Connell, R. (2005). Masculinities. Allen & Unwin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Connell, R. W., & Messerschmidt, J. W. (2005). Hegemonic Masculinity: Rethinking the Concept. Gender and Society, 19, 829–859.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Conway, M. (2020). Routing the Extreme Right: Challenges for Social Media Platforms. The RUSI Journal, 165, 108–113.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cosma, S., & Gurevich, M. (2020). Securing Sex: Embattled Masculinity and the Pressured Pursuit of Women’s Bodies in Men’s Online Sex Advice. Feminism & Psychology, 30, 42–62.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coston, B. M., & Kimmel, M. (2012). White Men as the New Victims: Reverse Discrimination Cases and the Men’s Rights Movement. Nevada Law Journal, 13, 368.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crawford, B., & Keen, F. (2021). Incel Culture; What We’ve Learned from Investigating Plymouth Attacker’s Digital Footprint. The Conversation [Online]. Retrieved August 19, 2021, from https://theconversation.com/incel-culture-what-weve-learned-from-investigating-plymouth-attackers-digital-footprint-166305

  • Cristina, A. (2015). Terrorism, Communication and New Media: Explaining Radicalization in the Digital Age. Perspectives on Terrorism (Lowell), 9, 49–59.

    Google Scholar 

  • Deb, A., Donohue, S., & Glaisyer, T. (2017). Is Social Media a Threat to Democracy?: The Omidyar Group.

    Google Scholar 

  • Demetriou, D. Z. (2001). Connell’s Concept of Hegemonic Masculinity: A Critique. Theory and Society, 30, 337–361.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Domise, A. (2018). The Hidden Crisis That’s Fuelling the ‘Incel Rebellion’. Macleans.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dragiewicz, M., Burgess, J., Matamoros-Fernández, A., Salter, M., Suzor, N. P., Woodlock, D., & Harris, B. (2018). Technology Facilitated Coercive Control: Domestic Violence and the Competing Roles of Digital Media Platforms. Feminist Media Studies, 18, 609–625.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eddington, S. M. (2020). Alt-Resilience: A Semantic Network Analysis of Identity (Re) Construction in an Online Men’s Rights Community. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 48, 114–135.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Edstrom, M. (2016). The Trolls Disappear in the Light: Swedish Experiences of Mediated Sexualised Hate Speech in the Aftermath of Behring Breivik. International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy, 5, 96–106.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fahs, B. (2011). Thinking with Irigaray. State University of New York Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Farrell, T., Fernandez, M., Novotny, J. & Alani, H. (2019). Exploring Misogyny Across the Manosphere in Reddit. Proceedings of the 10th ACM Conference on Web Science. ACM.

    Google Scholar 

  • Flood, M., Dragiewicz, M., & Pease, B. (2018). Resistance and Backlash to Gender Equality: An Evidence Review. Queensland University of Technology, Crime and Justice Research Centre.

    Google Scholar 

  • Futrelle, D. (2012). Register-Her was a Fake “Offenders Registry” Run by Misogynists, Designed to Vilify and Intimidate Women [Online]. Retrieved December 11, 2021, from http://wehuntedthemammoth.com/2012/12/17/register-her-is-a-fake-offenders-registry-run-by-misogynists-designed-to-vilify-and-intimidate-women/

  • Futrelle, D. (2018). Incels Hail Toronto Van Drive Who Killed 10 as a New Elliot Rodger, Talk of Future Acid Attacks and Mass Rapes. WeHuntedTheMammoth [Online]. Retrieved January 31, 2020, from http://www.wehuntedthemammoth.com/2018/04/24/incels-hail-toronto-van-driver-who-killed-10-as-a-new-elliot-rodger-talk-of-future-acid-attacks-and-mass-rapes/

  • Gilmore, D. D. (1990). Manhood in the Making: Cultural Concepts of Masculinity. Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ging, D. (2017). Alphas, Betas, and Incels: Theorizing the Masculinities of the Manosphere. Men and Masculinities, 1097184X1770640.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gurr, T. R. (2011). Why Men Rebel. Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haider, S. (2016). The Shooting in Orlando, Terrorism or Toxic Masculinity (or Both?). Men and Masculinities, 19, 555–565.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hendrix, S. (2019). How Male Supremacy Fueled Scott Paul Beierle’s Incel Attack on Florida Yoga Studio. The Washington Post, 7 June.

    Google Scholar 

  • Herring, S. (1996). Gender and Democracy in Computer-Mediated Communication. In R. Kling (Ed.), Computerization and Controversy: Value Conflicts and Social Choices (2nd ed.). Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoffman, B., & Ware, J. (2020). Incles: America’s Newest Domestic Terrorism Threat. Lawefare [Online]. Retrieved January 12, 2021, from https://www.lawfareblog.com/incels-americas-newest-domestic-terrorism-threat

  • Hoffman, B., Ware, J., & Shapiro, E. (2020). Assessing the Threat of Incel Violence. Studies in Conflict and Terrorism, 43, 565–587.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ironwood, I. (2013). The Manosphere: A New Hope for Masculinity. Red Pill Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jane, E. A. (2014a). ‘Back to the Kitchen, Cunt’: Speaking the Unspeakable about Online Misogyny. Continuum (Mount Lawley, W.A.), 28, 558–570.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jane, E. A. (2014b). Your a Ugly, Whorish, Slut. Feminist Media Studies, 14, 531–546.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jeffries, R. (1992). How to Get the Women You Desire into Bed. Jeffries Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jie Liang, L. (2017). Digital Environments. transcript Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones, C., Trott, V., & Wright, S. (2020). Sluts and Soyboys: MGTOW and the Production of Misogynistic Online Harassment. New Media & Society, 22, 1903–1921.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kalish, R., & Kimmel, M. (2010). Suicide by Mass Murder: Masculinity, Aggrieved Entitlement, and Rampage School Shootings. Health Sociology Review, 19, 451–464.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kellner, D. (2015). Guys and Guns Amok: Domestic Terrorism and School Shootings from the Oklahoma City Bombing to the Virginia Tech Massacre. Routledge.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Kendall, L. (2002). Hanging Out in the Virtual Pub: Masculinities and Relationships Online. University of California Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Kessler, G., Maye, D., & Richman, A. (n.d.). Artificial Intelligence in Shaping Preferences and Countering the Radicalization Process. White Paper for the Decadal Survey of the Social and Behavioral Sciences for National Security.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kimmel, M. S. (2013). Angry White Men American Masculinity at the End of an Era. Nation Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • King, A. (2018). Feminism’s Flip Side: A Cultural History of the Pickup Artist. An Interdisciplinary Quarterly, 22, 299–315.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuehn, K. M., & Salter, L. A. (2020). Assessing Digital Threats to Democracy, and Workable Solutions: A Review of the Recent Literature. International Journal of Communication (Online), 2589.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kupers, T. A., & Rochlen, A. B. (2005). Toxic Masculinity as a Barrier to Mental Health Treatment in Prison. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 61, 713–724.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leaper, C., & Van, S. R. (2008). Masculinity Ideology, Covert Sexism, and Perceived Gender Typicality in Relation to Young Men’s Academic Motivation and Choices in College. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 9, 139–153.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Levintova, H. (2016). These Men’s Rights Activists Are Suing Women’s Groups for Meeting Without Men. Mother Jones. Online.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewis, R., Rowe, M., & Wiper, C. (2017). Online Abuse of Feminists as An Emerging form of Violence Against Women and Girls. British Journal of Criminology, 57, 1462–1481.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lin, J. L. (2017). Antifeminism Online: MGTOW (Men Going Their Own Way) (F. Urte Undine, K. Steffen, F. Samantha, & Mike, T., Eds.). transcript Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Manne, K. (2017). Down Girl: The Logic of Misogyny. Oxford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Marche, S. (2016). Swallowing the Red Pill: A Journey to the Heart of Modern Misogyny. The Guardian, 14 April.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marwick, A., & Lewis, R. (2017). Media Manipulation and Disinformation Online. Data & Society Research Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • Massanari, A. (2017). #Gamergate and The Fappening: How Reddit’s Algorithm, Governance, And Culture Support Toxic Technocultures. New Media & Society, 19, 329–346.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Menzie, L. (2020). Stacys, Beckys, and Chads: The Construction of Femininity and Hegemonic Masculinity within Incel Rhetoric. Psychology and Sexuality, 1–17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Messerschmidt, J. W. (2019). The Salience of “Hegemonic Masculinity”. Men and Masculinities, 22, 85–91.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Messner, M. A. (1998). The Limits of “The Male Sex Role”: An Analysis of the Men’s Liberation and Men’s Rights Movements’ Discourse. Gender & Society, 12, 255–276.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nadim, M., & Fladmoe, A. (2021). Silencing Women? Gender and Online Harassment. Social Science Computer Review, 39, 245–258.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nicholas, L., Agius, C., & Proquest. (2018). The Persistence of Global Masculinism: Discourse, Gender and Neo-Colonial Re-Articulations of Violence. Palgrave Macmillan.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • O’Malley, N. (2017). Killer Elliot Rodger Linked to ‘Pick-Up Artists’ Websites. Sydney Morning Herald, 31 May 2014.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parrott, D. J. (2009). Aggression Toward Gay Men as Gender Role Enforcement: Effects of Male Role Norms, Sexual Prejudice, and Masculine Gender Role Stress. Journal of Personality, 77, 1137–1166.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pittaro, M. L. (2007). Cyber Stalking: An Analysis of Online Harassment and Intimidation. International Journal of Cyber Criminology, 1, 180–197.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pleck, J. H., Sonenstein, F. L., & Ku, L. C. (1993). Masculinity Ideology and Its Correlates. In S. Oskamp & M. Costanzo (Eds.), Gender Issues in Contemporary Society. SAGE Publications, Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Powell, A., Stratton, G., & Cameron, R. (2018). Digital Criminology: Crime and Justice in Digital Society. Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Rafail, P., & Freitas, I. (2019). Grievance Articulation and Community Reactions in the Men’s Rights Movement Online. Social Media + Society, 5.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reeck, C., Johnson, E., Castelo, N., Weber, E., & Jachimowicz, J. (2016). Who Gets Nudged? How Choice Architecture Interventions Interact with Preferences. Association for Consumer Research, 723.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ribeiro, M. H., Blackburn, J., Bradlyn, B., De Cristofaro, E., Stringhini, G., Long, S., Greenberg, S., & Zannettou, S. (2020). The Evolution of the Manosphere Across the Web. Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, 15(1), 196–207.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ricard, A. (2018). How Sad Boys Get Angry. Medium. Online.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rodger, E. (2014). My Twisted World. online.

    Google Scholar 

  • Romano, A. (2018). How the Alt-Right’s Sexism Lures Men into White Supremacy. Vox.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmitz, R., & Kazyak, E. (2016). Masculinities in Cyberspace: An Analysis of Portrayals of Manhood in Men’s Rights Activist Websites. SocialSsciences (Basel), 5, 18.

    Google Scholar 

  • Serna, J. (2015). Elliot Rodger Meticulously Planned Isla Vista Rampage, Report Says. Los Angeles Times. 19 February.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shirky, C. (2011). The Political Power of Social Media: Technology, the Public Sphere, and Political Change. Foreign Affairs, 90(1), 28–41. http://www.jstor.org/stable/25800379

  • Silva, J. R., Capellan, J. A., Schmuhl, M. A., & Mills, C. E. (2021). Gender-Based Mass Shootings: An Examination of Attacks Motivated by Grievances Against Women. Violence Against Women, 27, 2163–2186.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sobieraj, S. (2020). Credible Threat: Attacks Against Women Online and the Future of Democracy. Oxford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Southern Poverty Law Center. (2021). Daryush “Roosh” Valizadeh [Online]. Online. Retrieved December 11, 2021, from https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/extremist-files/individual/daryush-roosh-valizadeh

  • Southern Poverty Law Center. (n.d.). Male Supremacy [Online]. Retrieved May 27, 2019, from https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/extremist-files/ideology/male-supremacy

  • Suler, J. (2004). The Online Disinhibition Effect. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 7, 321–326.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sunstein, C. R. (2002). The Law of Group Polarization. Journal of Political Philosophy, 10(2), 175–195.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • The Futurist. (2013). The Misandry Bubble [Online]. The Futurist. Retrieved January 27, 2020, from http://puerarchy.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/TheFuturist_TheMisandryBubble.pdf

  • Thorleifsson, C., & Düker, J. (2021). Lone Actors in Digital Environments. European Commission, Radicalisation Awareness Network.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tomassi, R. (2001). Women in Love. The Rational Male [Online]. Retrieved January 29, 2020, from https://therationalmale.com/2011/12/27/women-in-love/

  • Tomassi, R. (2012). Of Love and War. The Rational Male [Online]. Retrieved January 29, 2020, from https://therationalmale.com/2012/09/11/of-love-and-war/

  • Tranchese, A., & Sugiura, L. (2021). ‘I Don’t Hate All Women, Just Those Stuck-Up Bitches’: How Incels and Mainstream Pornography Speak the Same Extreme Language of Misogyny. Violence Against Women. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801221996453.

  • Trott, V. (2020). Connective Crowds: The Organizational Structure of a Feminist Crowd in the #TakeDownJulienBlanc Campaign. In O. Guntarik & V. Grieve-Williams (Eds.), From Sit-ins to# Revolutions: Media and the Changing Nature of Protests. Bloomsbury Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Turton-Turner, P. (2013). Villainous Avatars: The Visual Semiotics of Misogyny and Free Speech in Cyberspace. Forum on Public Policy: A Journal of the Oxford Round Table. Forum on Public Policy.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Valkenburgh, S. P. (2018). Digesting the Red Pill: Masculinity and Neoliberalism in the Manosphere. Men and Masculinities, XX, 1–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Venäläinen, S. (2020). Reversing Positions: Constructions of Masculine Victimhood in Online Discussions about Intimate Partner Violence Committed by Women. Men and Masculinities, 23, 772–787.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vyshali, M. (2013). FCJ-158 Tits or GTFO: The Logics of Misogyny on 4chan’s Random—/b. Fibreculture Journal, 108–131.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wadhwa, P., & Bhatia, M. P. S. (2015). An Approach for Dynamic Identification of Online Radicalization in Social Networks. Cybernetics and Systems, 46, 641–665.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Widman, L., & Mcnulty, J. K. (2010). Sexual Narcissism and the Perpetration of Sexual Aggression. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 39, 926–939.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wolak, J. J. D., Mitchell, K. J. P. D., & Finkelhor, D. P. D. (2007). Does Online Harassment Constitute Bullying? An Exploration of Online Harassment by Known Peers and Online-Only Contacts. Journal of Adolescent Health, 41, S51–S58.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wood, G. (2018). ISIS Tactics Have Spread to Other Violent Actors. The Atlantic.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wright, S., Trott, V., & Jones, C. (2020). The Pussy Ain’t Worth It, Bro’: Assessing the Discourse and Structure of MGTOW. Information, Communication & Society, 23, 908–925.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Deakin University, Australian Defence College, Canberra, ACT, Australia

    Shannon Zimmerman

Authors
  1. Shannon Zimmerman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shannon Zimmerman .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Global, Urban and Social Studies, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    Elizabeth Kath

  2. School of Global, Urban and Social Studies, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    Julian C. H. Lee

  3. School of Global, Urban and Social Studies, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    Aiden Warren

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Zimmerman, S. (2023). Dangerous Misogyny of the Digital World: The Case of the Manosphere. In: Kath, E., Lee, J.C.H., Warren, A. (eds) The Digital Global Condition. Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9980-2_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9980-2_5

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-19-9979-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-19-9980-2

  • eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation