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Ceramics of the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties

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The History of Chinese Ceramics

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Abstract

After a period of decline in the Wei, Jin and Southern & Northern Dynasties, Chinese history arrived at another period of prosperity, that is, the Sui and Tang dynasties. From the perspective of dynastic progression and political evolution, the ancient Chinese cultural system could be said to have been established in the Qin and Han dynasties and matured in the Sui and Tang dynasties. In fact, the course of development of these two periods of history was very similar in a certain sense. In other words, they both comprised a short-lived dynasty with drastic changes and a strong dynasty with moderate reforms. Fan Wenlan points out: “Qin Shi Huang created the Qin system which was inherited by all dynasties since the Han Dynasty, as Emperor Wen of Sui created the Sui system which was followed by all dynasties since the Tang Dynasty. The Qin and Sui dynasties both made great contributions and their role in history should not be neglected because of their short durations”.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Fan Wenlan et al., History of China (Vol. 3), People’s Publishing House, 1978, p. 4.

  2. 2.

    Xue Fengxuan, Evolution of Chinese Cities and Civilization, Joint Publishing (H.K.), 2009, p. 150.

  3. 3.

    Qian Mu, An Introduction to the Cultural History of China (revised edition), The Commercial Press, 2000, p. 153.

  4. 4.

    Xue Fengxuan, Evolution of Chinese Cities and Civilization, Joint Publishing (H.K.), 2009, p. 159.

  5. 5.

    See Footnote 4.

  6. 6.

    Xue Fengxuan, Evolution of Chinese Cities and Civilization, Joint Publishing (H.K.), 2009, p. 168.

  7. 7.

    Xue Fengxuan, Evolution of Chinese Cities and Civilization, Joint Publishing (H.K.), 2009, p. 171.

  8. 8.

    Chen Yan, History of Chinese Aesthetic Culture, Tang and Song Dynasties, Shandong Pictorial Publishing House, 2000, p. 11.

  9. 9.

    Ye Zhemin, History of Chinese Ceramics, SDX Joint Publishing Company, 2006, p. 143.

  10. 10.

    Xiong Haitang, Research on the Technical Development and Exchange History of the Ceramics Industry in East Asia, Nanjing University Press, 1995, p. 27.

  11. 11.

    Qian Mu, An Introduction to the Cultural History of China (revised edition), The Commercial Press, 2000, p. 173.

  12. 12.

    Chen Weijing, “Circulation of Tang Porcelain—Taking the Yue and Changshao Kilns after the Anshi Rebellion as the Center of Discussion”, Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 12), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2006, p. 312.

  13. 13.

    Huang Xiuchun, “Yue Celadon Unearthed From Han Yi’s Tomb of the Liao Dynasty,”Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 12), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2006, p. 100.

  14. 14.

    Huang Xiuchun, “Yue Celadon Unearthed From Han Yi‘s Tomb of the Liao Dynasty,”Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 12), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2006, p. 101.

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    Chen Liqiong & Dong Xiaochen, “Re-exploration of Qiong Kiln Export Ceramics,”Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 14), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2008, pp. 108–109.

  16. 16.

    Chen Liqiong & Dong Xiaochen, “Re-exploration of Qiong Kiln Export Ceramics,”Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 14), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2008, p. 108.

  17. 17.

    Research Institute of Ceramics industry, Ministry of Light Industry, Chinese Porcelain, China Light Industry Press, July 1983, p. 183.

  18. 18.

    Liu Xinyuan & Bai Kun, “Reconnaissance of Ancient Kiln Sites at Hutian in Jingdezhen,”Cultural Relics, Issue 8, 1980, p. 42.

  19. 19.

    Huang Yunpeng, “Overview and Product Characteristics of Jingdezhen’s Porcelain Industry in the Five Dynasties,”Jingdezhen Ceramics, Issue 4, 1987, pp. 7–9.

  20. 20.

    Fu Yongkui, “Tang Tricolor Pottery Kiln Sites in Dahuangye and Xiaohuangye in Gongxian, Henan,”Archaeology and Cultural Relics, Issue 1, 1984, pp. 69–81.

  21. 21.

    Wang Jianzhong, Identification and Appreciation of Cizhou Kiln Porcelain, Jiangxi Fine Arts Publishing House, 2002.

  22. 22.

    Chen Liqiong & Dong Xiaochen, “Re-exploration of Qiong Kiln Export Ceramics”, Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 14), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2008, p. 109.

  23. 23.

    Chen Liqiong & Dong Xiaochen, “Re-exploration of Qiong Kiln Export Ceramics”, Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 14), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2008, p. 110.

  24. 24.

    YangZelin, “Production and Export of Fujian Underglaze Decorated Porcelain Seen from the Celadon with Brown Painting Found on Huaguang Reef No. 1 Shipwreck in Xisha”, Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 14), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2008, p. 17.

  25. 25.

    YangZelin, “Production and Export of Fujian Underglaze Decorated Porcelain Seen from the Celadon with Brown Painting Found on Huaguang Reef No. 1 Shipwreck in Xisha”, Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 14), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2008, p. 18.

  26. 26.

    Ye Zhemin, History of Chinese Ceramics, SDX Joint Publishing Company, 2006, p. 199.

  27. 27.

    See Footnote 26.

  28. 28.

    Li Guozhen & Guo Yanyi, Technological Basis of Famous Chinese Porcelains, Shanghai Science and Technology Publishing House, 1998, pp. 159–160.

  29. 29.

    Liu Lanhua, “‘The Art of Death’—Tang Tricolor Pottery,”Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 11), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2005, p. 294.

  30. 30.

    Liu Lanhua, “‘The Art of Death’—Tang Tricolor Pottery”, Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 11), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2005, p. 299.

  31. 31.

    Shaanxi Local Chronicle Compilation Committee, Records of Cultural Relics of Shaanxi Province, San Qin Publishing House, 1995, p. 432; Quoted from a secondary source: Liu Lanhua, “‘The Art of Death’—Tang Tricolor Pottery”, Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 11), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2005, p. 300.

  32. 32.

    Liu Lanhua, “‘The Art of Death’—Tang Tricolor Pottery”, Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 11), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2005, p. 300.

  33. 33.

    Liu Lanhua, “‘The Art of Death’—Tang Tricolor Pottery”, Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 11), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2005, p. 301.

  34. 34.

    Li Jiuhai & Wang Xiaoying, “Discovery of Tang Blue and White Porcelain in Yangzhou and Friendly Foreign Trade Relations”, Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 11), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2005, p. 404.

  35. 35.

    Li Jiuhai & Wang Xiaoying, “Discovery of Tang Blue and White Porcelain in Yangzhou and Friendly Foreign Trade Relations”, Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 11), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2005, p. 407.

  36. 36.

    See Footnote 35.

  37. 37.

    Li Jiuhai & Wang Xiaoying, “Discovery of Tang Blue and White Porcelain in Yangzhou and Friendly Foreign Trade Relations”, Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 11), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2005, p. 405.

  38. 38.

    Zhang Songlin & Liao Yongmin, “Rise and Fall of Tang Blue and White Porcelain, Its Export and Impact in Foreign Countries”, Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 14), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2008, p. 85.

  39. 39.

    Feng Suge, “Guangdong Overseas Transport and Ancient Ceramics Export”, Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 14), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2008, p. 306.

  40. 40.

    Cai Yoshi, “Export and Influence of Chinese Porcelain Examined from Nanhai No. 1”, Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 14), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2008, p. 51.

  41. 41.

    Ye Wencheng, “On Export Routes of Ancient Chinese Ceramics”, Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 14), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2008, p. 384.

  42. 42.

    Li Jun, “Export and Influence of Yue Celadon in the Tang, Five Dynasties and Northern Song”, Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 14), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2008, p. 132.

  43. 43.

    Li Jun, “Export and Influence of Yue Celadon in the Tang, Five Dynasties and Northern Song”, Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 14), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2008, p. 131.

  44. 44.

    Shi Zuqing, “Yue Celadon and the Mingzhou Maritime Silk Road”, Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 14), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2008, p. 142.

  45. 45.

    Li Jun, “Export and Influence of Yue Celadon in the Tang, Five Dynasties and Northern Song”, Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 14), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2008, p. 130.

  46. 46.

    Quanzhou Customs, On Quanzhou Customs, Xiamen University Press, 2005.

  47. 47.

    Jean McClure Mudge, Chinese Export Porcelain for the American Trade (1785–1835), University of Delaware Press, 1962, p. 4.

  48. 48.

    Zhang Songlin & Liao Yongmin, “Rise and Fall of Tang Blue and White Porcelain, Its Export and Impact in Foreign Countries”, Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 14), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2008, pp. 92–93.

  49. 49.

    Li Jun, “Export and Influence of Yue Celadon in the Tang, Five Dynasties and Northern Song”, Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 14), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2008, p. 125.

  50. 50.

    Li Jun, “Export and Influence of Yue Celadon in the Tang, Five Dynasties and Northern Song”, Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 14), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2008, p. 133.

  51. 51.

    Li Gang, “On the Export of Yue and Longquan Celadon”, Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 14), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2008, p. 118.

  52. 52.

    Lin Yiqiu, “Tang Blue and White Porcelain on the Batu Hitam Shipwreck”, Collection, Issue 1, 2008.

  53. 53.

    See Footnote 52.

  54. 54.

    See Footnote 52.

  55. 55.

    Zhang Songlin & Liao Yongmin, “Rise and Fall of Tang Blue and White Porcelain, Its Export and Impact in Foreign Countries”, Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 14), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2008, p. 94.

  56. 56.

    See Footnote 55.

  57. 57.

    Ye Zhemin, History of Chinese Ceramics, SDX Joint Publishing Company, 2006, pp. 218–223.

  58. 58.

    Xiao Xiang, “Investigation on the Tongguan Kiln Site of the Tang Dynasty in Changsha”, Acta Archaeologica Sinica, Issue 1, 1980.

  59. 59.

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  60. 60.

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  61. 61.

    Li Jun, “Export and Influence of Yue Celadon in the Tang, Five Dynasties and Northern Song”, Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 14), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2008, p. 135.

  62. 62.

    Li Jun, “Export and Influence of Yue Celadon in the Tang, Five Dynasties and Northern Song”, Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 14), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2008, pp. 135–136.

  63. 63.

    Wang Tongling, Chinese National History, Culture Studies Society, 1934, p. 322.

  64. 64.

    Qian Mu, An Introduction to the Cultural History of China, The Commercial Press, 2000, p. 173.

  65. 65.

    Qian Mu, An Introduction to the Cultural History of China, The Commercial Press, 2000, p. 183.

  66. 66.

    Ye Zhemin, History of Chinese Ceramics, SDX Joint Publishing Company, 2006, pp. 205–206.

  67. 67.

    Ye Zhemin, History of Chinese Ceramics, SDX Joint Publishing Company, 2006, p. 205.

  68. 68.

    Shi Zuqing, “Yue Celadon and the Mingzhou Maritime Silk Road”, Chinese Society for Ancient Ceramics (ed.), Studies on Ancient Chinese Ceramics (Vol. 14), The Forbidden City Publishing House, 2008, p. 143.

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    Lili Fang

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Fang, L. (2023). Ceramics of the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties. In: The History of Chinese Ceramics. China Academic Library. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9094-6_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9094-6_7

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