Skip to main content

Patterns of Interaction

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Patterns of Interaction

Part of the book series: SpringerBriefs in Architectural Design and Technology ((BRIEFSARCHIDE))

  • 242 Accesses

Abstract

This chapter looks more closely at the process of contextual figuration through the lens of computational design thinking. This design thinking is characterized by the articulation of flexible relationships between entities, often denominated as topological diagrams. It is argued that these diagrams not only govern the use of the contextual data but are organized as a nearly decomposable web of diagrams. From a system theory perspective, this web of diagrams is embedded in the web of laws of nature. That means architecture is inscribed into its natural surroundings as a manmade extension. With such an understanding, computational design intentionally shifts away from the design of objects, of elements of consumption of environmental resources, towards the design of interrelationships—of interactions with the environment. The design of architecture, of cities, and of landscapes and territories is not about the mere enhancing of environments, it is about building environments themselves.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Ábalos I (2017) Thermodynamic materialism. In García-Germán I (ed) Thermodynamic interactions: an architectural exploration into physiological, material, territorial atmospheres. Actar, Barcelona

    Google Scholar 

  2. Alexander C (1964) Notes on the synthesis of form. Harvard University Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  3. Alexander C (1965) A city is not a tree. Archit Forum 122(1):58–62

    Google Scholar 

  4. Alexander C (1977) A pattern language: towns, buildings, Construction. Oxford University Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  5. Allen S (1997) From object to field. AD Archit Des 67(5–6):24–31

    Google Scholar 

  6. Andersen P, Salomon D (2010) The architecture of patterns. Norton Company, New York

    Google Scholar 

  7. Ball P (1999) The self-made tapestry: pattern formation in nature. Oxford University Press, Oxford

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  8. Bateson G (1979) Mind and nature: a necessary unity. Dutton, New York

    Google Scholar 

  9. Bauer M (2016) Pattern language and space syntax: Alexander, Chomsky, Pierce and Wittgenstein. In Krämer S, Ljungberg C (eds) Thinking with diagrams: the semiotic basis of human cognition. De Gruyter, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  10. Calder B (2021) Architecture: from prehistory to climate emergency. Penguin Books, London

    Google Scholar 

  11. Carpo M (2004) Ten years of folding. In Lynn G (ed) Folding in architecture, revised edition. Wiley, London

    Google Scholar 

  12. Chiu S (2017) Frei Otto: spanning the future. http://www.freiottofilm.com. Accessed 27 July 2022

  13. Cunningham W, Mehaffy M (2013) Wiki as pattern language. In: Proceedings of IEEE computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, vol 1, pp 32–47

    Google Scholar 

  14. Dawes MJ, Ostwald MJ (2017) Christopher Alexander’s A pattern language: analysing, mapping and classifying the critical response. City Territ Archit 4:17

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Di Christina G (2001) Architecture and science. Wiley, London

    Google Scholar 

  16. Euler L (1953) Leonhard Euler and the Koenigsberg Bridges. Sci Am 189(1):66–72

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Fernández-Galiano L (2000) Fire and memory: on architecture and energy. MIT Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  18. Fleming B (2019) Design with nature, Ian McHarg’s ideas still define landscape architecture. Metropolis. https://metropolismag.com/viewpoints/mcharg-design-with-nature-50th-anniversary. Accessed 14 July 2022

  19. Frampton K (1973) Apropos Ulm: curriculum and critical theory. Opposition 3:17–36

    Google Scholar 

  20. Fröshaug A (1959) Visual methodology. Ulm 4 J Hochschule für Gestaltung 4:57–68

    Google Scholar 

  21. Garcia M (2009) Patterns of architecture. AD Archit Des 79(6)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Guallart V (2009) Geologics: geography, bits and architecture. Actar, Barcelona

    Google Scholar 

  23. Hadid Z (2001) Landscape as plan. El Croquis 103. El Croquis Editorial, Madrid

    Google Scholar 

  24. Huber J (2002) Urbane Topologie: Architektur der randlosen Stadt. Universitätsverlag der Bauhaus-Universität, Weimar

    Google Scholar 

  25. Keller S (2017) Automatic architecture: motivating form after modernism. University of Chicago Press, Chicago

    Book  Google Scholar 

  26. Kepes G (1956) The new landscape in art and science. Paul Theobald & Company, Chicago

    Google Scholar 

  27. Lamprecht I, Zotin AI (1988) Thermodynamics and pattern formation in biology. De Gruyter, Berlin

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  28. Lea D (1997) Christopher Alexander: an introduction for object-oriented designers. http://www.patternlanguage.com/bios/douglea.htm. Accessed 7 July 2022

  29. Lynn G (1988) Folds, bodies & blobs: collected essays. La Lettre volée, Brussels

    Google Scholar 

  30. Lynn G (1993) Architectural curvilinearity: the folded, the pliant and the supple. In Lynn G (ed) Folding in architecture. Willey-Academy, London

    Google Scholar 

  31. Maldonado T, Bonsiepe G (1964) Science and design. Ulm 10/11 J Hochschule für Gestaltung 10/11:10–29

    Google Scholar 

  32. McHarg I (1969) Design with nature. Natural History Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  33. M’Closky K, VanDerSys K (2017) Dynamic pattern: visualizing landscapes in a digital age. Routledge, London

    Google Scholar 

  34. Moe K (2011) Matter is but captured energy. In Borden GP, Meredith M (eds) Matter: material processes in architectural production. Routledge, London

    Google Scholar 

  35. Moe K (2013) Insulating North America. J Constr Hist 27(1):87–106

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  36. Nerdinger W (2005) Frei Otto. Complete works: lightweight construction—natural design. Birkhäuser, Basel

    Google Scholar 

  37. Neves I, Rocha J, Duarte J (2014) Computational design research in architecture: the legacy of the Hochschule für Gestaltung, Ulm. Int J Archit Comput 12(1):1–25

    Google Scholar 

  38. Otto F (2009) Occupying and connecting: thoughts on territories and spheres of influence with particular reference to human, Settlement. Axel Menges, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  39. Picon A (2021) The materiality of architecture. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis

    Book  Google Scholar 

  40. Prigogine N (1977) Self-organization in nonequilibrium systems: from dissipative structures to order through fluctuations. Wiley, New York

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  41. Saunders W (2002) A pattern language by Christopher Alexander. Harv Des Mag 16:74–78

    Google Scholar 

  42. Schneider ED, Sagan D (2006) Into the cool: energy flow, thermodynamics, and life. University of Chicago Press, Chicago

    Google Scholar 

  43. Schumacher P (2004) Digital Hadid: landscapes in motion. Birkhäuser, Basel

    Google Scholar 

  44. Simon H (1962) The architecture of complexity. Proc Am Philos Soc 106(6):467–482

    Google Scholar 

  45. Steadman JP (1983) Architectural morphology: an introduction to the geometry of building plans. Pion, London

    Google Scholar 

  46. Thompson DW (1917) On growth and form. University Press, Cambridge

    Book  Google Scholar 

  47. Vrachliotis G (2017) Thinking by modeling. Spector Books, Leipzig

    Google Scholar 

  48. WHO (2016) Urban green spaces and health: a review of evidence. Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen

    Google Scholar 

  49. Witt A (2022) Formulations: architecture, mathematics, culture. MIT Press, Cambridge

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  50. Yukita S (2002) Design patterns for topological modeling. 1st International Symposium on Cyber Worlds, Tokyo, pp 455–464

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Pia Fricker .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Fricker, P., Kotnik, T. (2023). Patterns of Interaction. In: Patterns of Interaction. SpringerBriefs in Architectural Design and Technology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9083-0_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9083-0_3

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-19-9082-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-19-9083-0

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics