Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a specialized structure in the body with specific functions and is made up of myocytes and extracellular components. The extracellular component comprises the extracellular matrix (ECM), resident cells, and neurovascular bundle. The interaction between cytoskeletal proteins of the myocytes and extracellular matrix components plays a major role in normal muscle contraction. Anatomically, the ECM can be distinguished into epimysium, perimysium, and endomysium. Collagen type I is the major content of perimysial connective tissue. Type III collagen has uniform distribution in endomysium and epimysium. Type IV collagen forms the basement membrane of myocytes. Proteoglycans constitute the second most abundant ECM protein in the skeletal muscle and serve as major regulators of local homeostasis. The ECM is also the residing site for fibroblasts, adipocytes, and satellite cells. Last, but not least neurovascular bundle, a complicated structure made up of arterioles, capillaries, venules, lymphatics, and autonomic nerves are responsible for the control of muscle perfusion.
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Gaspar, B.L. (2023). Introduction to Immune-Mediated Myopathies. In: Immune-Mediated Myopathies and Neuropathies. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8421-1_1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8421-1_1
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