Abstract
Cancer is the one of the most prevalent causes of the deaths globally and also a major hindrance to achieve the desired life expectancy in most of the countries. Across a wide range of neoplastic disorders, oncobiosis biotransformation, an alteration in microbiome compartment is observed. Several changes occur in microbiome compartment during ovarian and cervical cancer. Oncobiosis is seen in several compartments including cervicovaginal, ovarian and intra-tumoral compartment, serum and intestines, upper and lower genital tract. The gut microbiome can be modulated by use of pro-, pre-, and synbiotics that can also modulate the host metabolism. This in turn has a huge potential to minimize the side effects and even enhances the cancer management health benefits. Hence, the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) define probiotics as “live microorganisms which, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host.” Symbiotics are defined as “combination[s] of probiotic bacteria and growth promoting prebiotic ingredient[s]” that achieve “synergism.” Synbiotics may act as antimutagens, giving their carcinogen scavenging and elimination action. Major challenge in use of synbiotics for cervical and ovarian cancer is that these synbiotics may also imbalance the microbiota as risk of infection is very high in immunocompromised cancer patients and lack of scientific evidence. Very less evidence is reported for cervical and ovarian cancer. There is a need of clinical trials to be initiated for establishing the clinical benefits of synbiotics in cervical and ovarian cancer. Regulatory authorities should initiate the studies to build in the evidence so that the health benefits associated with these synbiotics can enhance the quality of life in cancer patients.
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Abbreviations
- ACS:
-
American Cancer Society
- AGS:
-
Adenocarcinoma gastric cell line
- AKAP4:
-
A-kinase anchor protein 4 precursor
- ARID1A:
-
AT-Rich Interaction Domain 1A
- AURKC:
-
Aurora Kinase C
- BCl2:
-
B-cell lymphoma 2
- BRAF:
-
Serine/threonine-protein kinase B-Raf
- BRCA1:
-
Breast Cancer gene 1
- BRCA2:
-
Breast Cancer gene 2
- CASP3:
-
Cysteine-aspartic acid protease
- CDK2:
-
Cyclin-dependent kinase 2
- CTAs:
-
Cancer testis antigens
- CTNNB1:
-
Catenin Beta 1
- FIGO:
-
Fédération Internationale de Gynécologie et d’Obstétrique
- HeLa:
-
Henrietta Lacks
- HPV:
-
Human Papillomavirus
- hrHPV:
-
High-risk human papillomavirus
- HT-29:
-
Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cell Line
- IL-10:
-
Interleukin 10
- IL12:
-
Interleukin 12
- KRAS:
-
Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog
- MCF-7:
-
Michigan Cancer Foundation-7
- miR-200b:
-
MicroRNA-200b
- miR-21:
-
MicroRNA-21
- MMP2:
-
Matrix metalloproteinase-2
- MMP9:
-
Matrix metalloproteinase-9
- NF-κB:
-
Nuclear factor kappa B
- OIP5:
-
Opa interacting protein 5
- PCOS:
-
Polycystic ovarian syndrome
- PIK3CA:
-
Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha.
- PPP2R1A:
-
Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A
- PTEN:
-
Phosphatase and Tensin
- Th1:
-
T helper type 1
- TLR-4:
-
Toll-like receptor 4
- TNF-α:
-
Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha
- TP53:
-
Tumor Protein P53
- TSGA10:
-
Testis Specific 10
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Mehta, N., Suares, D., Shetty, S. (2023). Uncharted Potentials of Synbiotics in Treatment of Cervical and Ovarian Cancer. In: Mishra, N., Bhatt, S., Paudel, K.R., M Hansbro, P., Dua, K. (eds) Synbiotics for the Management of Cancer. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7550-9_11
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