Current Approaches for Polyurethane Production from Lignin

Hernández-Ramos, Fabio; de Hoyos-Martínez, Pedro L.; Barriga, Sebastián; Erdocia, Xabier; Labidi, Jalel

doi:10.1007/978-981-19-7481-6_6

Fabio Hernández-Ramos³,
Pedro L. de Hoyos-Martínez³,
Sebastián Barriga³,
Xabier Erdocia⁴ &
…
Jalel Labidi³

459 Accesses

Abstract

Producing materials from renewable resources is urgent in the current society due to the increment of oil price, environmental concern, and population growth. Lignocellulosic biomass is one of the most abundant renewable resources on earth, and it is composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. This third component comprises 15–30% of biomass and contains an aromatic structure, which is of great interest in the production of phenolic compounds, materials, fuels, and polymers among others. The use of lignin and its derivatives as raw material for polyurethane manufacture has attracted a great deal of attention in recent years. It can be employed as an environmentally friendly substitute of the non-renewable compounds, derived from oil, typically used in the formulation of polyurethanes. Lignin can be directly used without any chemical treatment, but only in small amounts due to its low reactivity; hence, some modification of lignin is usually necessary before its usage in the polyurethane manufacture. In this chapter, a comprehensive review of the different approaches implemented for the use of lignin in the synthesis of polyurethanes will be assessed.

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Abbreviations

BA:: Blowing agent
BPU:: Branch-chained polyurethanes
CASE:: Coatings, adhesives, sealants, and elastomers
CAT:: Catalyst
CMR:: Carcinogenic, mutagenic, and reprotoxic
CNSL:: Cashew nutshell liquid
CPU:: Crosslinked polyurethanes
DABCO:: 1,4-Diazobicyclo[2.2.2]-octane
DBTDL:: Dibutyltin dilaurate
FAME:: Fatty acid methyl esters
F-PUF:: Flexible polyurethane foams
G:: Guaiacyl
GHG:: Greenhouse gases
H:: p-Hydroxyphenyl
HPU:: Hyperbranched polyurethanes
HTL:: Hydrothermal liquefaction
KL:: Kraft lignin
LCA:: Life cycle analysis
LPU:: Linear polyurethanes
LS:: Lignosulphonates
MDI:: Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate
NIPU:: Non-isocyanate polyurethane
PCM:: Phase change materials
PDI:: Pentamethylene diisocyanate
PEG:: Polyethylene glycol
PHU:: Poly(hydroxyurethane)
PI:: Polyisocyanate
PO:: Propylene oxide
PU:: Polyurethane
PUD:: Polyurethane dendrimers
PUF:: Polyurethane foams
PUSM:: Polyurethane smart materials
R-PUF:: Rigid polyurethane foams
S:: Syringyl
SF:: Surfactant
STL:: Solvothermal liquefaction
TBAB:: Tetrabutylammonium bromide
TDI:: Toluene diisocyanate
TEA:: Techno-economic analysis
UV:: Ultraviolet

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Biorefinery Processes Research Group (BioRP), Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain
Fabio Hernández-Ramos, Pedro L. de Hoyos-Martínez, Sebastián Barriga & Jalel Labidi
Biorefinery Processes Research Group (BioRP), Department of Applied Mathematics, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
Xabier Erdocia

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Fabio Hernández-Ramos
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Pedro L. de Hoyos-Martínez
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Sebastián Barriga
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Xabier Erdocia
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MIT School of Bioengineering Sciences & Research, MIT Art, Design and Technology University, Pune, India
Pranav D. Pathak
Visveswaraya National Institute of Techn, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
Sachin A. Mandavgane

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Hernández-Ramos, F., de Hoyos-Martínez, P.L., Barriga, S., Erdocia, X., Labidi, J. (2023). Current Approaches for Polyurethane Production from Lignin. In: Pathak, P.D., Mandavgane, S.A. (eds) Biorefinery: A Sustainable Approach for the Production of Biomaterials, Biochemicals and Biofuels. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7481-6_6

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