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Case 45. A 4-Year-Old Boy with Fever, General Skin Rash, Vomiting, and Diarrhea, Following an Operation for Bone Fracture: Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome

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Further Reading

  • Gaensbauer JT, Birkholz M, Smit MA, et al. Epidemiology and clinical relevance of toxic shock syndrome in US children. Pediatr Infect Dis 2018;37:1223-26.

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  • Chuang YY, Huang YC, Lin TY. Toxic shock syndrome in children: epidemiology, pathogenesis and management. Pediatr Drug 2005; 7:11-25.

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  • Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Reduced incidence of menstrual toxic-shock syndrome--United States, 1980-1990. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1990;39(25):421.

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  • DeVries AS, Lesher L, Schlievert PM, Rogers T, Villaume LG, et al. Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome 2000–2006: Epidemiology, Clinical Features, and Molecular Characteristics. PLoS ONE 2011; 6(8): e22997.

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  • Graham DR, O’Brien M, Hayes JM, et al. Postoperative toxic shock syndrome. Clin Infect Dis. 1995;20(4):895-899

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  • Llewelyn M, Cohen J. Superantigens: microbial agents that corrupt immunity. Lancet Infect Dis. 2002;2(3):156-62.

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  • Chen KYH, Cheung M, Burgner DP, et al. Arch Dis Child 2016;101:736–740.

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  • Quan L, Morita R, Kawakami S. Toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) antibody levels in Japanese children. Burns. 2010 Aug;36(5):716-21.

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  • Chuang YY, Huang YC. Toxic shock syndrome in children (chapter 32). In Wheeler DS et al eds. Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, 2014, 2nd edi, Springer-Nature.

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Chuang, YY., Huang, YC. (2023). Case 45. A 4-Year-Old Boy with Fever, General Skin Rash, Vomiting, and Diarrhea, Following an Operation for Bone Fracture: Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome. In: Huang, YC., Lee, PI., Chen, PY. (eds) Paediatric Infectious Diseases. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7276-8_45

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7276-8_45

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