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An Overview of Integrated Miniaturized/Microfluidic Electrochemical Biosensor Platforms for Health Care Applications

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Next Generation Smart Nano-Bio-Devices

Part of the book series: Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies ((SIST,volume 322))

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Abstract

The increasing demand of biosensing in the health care sector is meticulously associated with the need of fabricating diagnostic tools with an instant, point-of-care (POC) approach. These devices are expected to have high sensitivity, portability and selectivity. Off lately, an extensive focus on designing biosensors with an imperative technique has been accomplished to ensemble the materials, equipment and methodologies to improve their performance. Basically, biosensor is an analytical sensor which has a biological moiety, like enzymes, antibodies, live cells, etc., as an electron transfer mediator to detect analytes via a suitable detection mechanism including electro-catalytic activity. These sensors tend to produce electrical current signals whose intensity is dependent on the concentration of the selective analyte. Since, 1999, when IUPAC designated biosensor as a sovereign tool for selective qualitative and quantitative analyte detection, several chemically modified biosensors have been reported. However, most of these are bulk electrodes that are laboratory-based, use large sample volumes, lack POC approach and therefore cannot be employed for real time field sensing. To overcome this, significant research has been carried out to miniaturize and integrate microfluidic concept with these devices. The advent of microfluidics not only makes these biosensors suitable for real-time practical application but also makes them cost-effective, portable and more sensitive. During the last few years, several research groups globally have successfully developed miniaturized/microfluidic biosensor-integrated electrochemical platforms for health care applications. The present chapter briefly describes the fabrication, characterization, materials used and types of these biosensor devices and summarizes some of the recent advance applications in health management. The future prospects and present limitations are also highlighted.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. MEMS, Microfluidics and Nanoelectronics Lab, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Hyderabad, 500078, India

    Khairunnisa Amreen & Sanket Goel

  2. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology Silchar, Silchar, Assam, India

    Koushik Guha

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  1. Khairunnisa Amreen
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  2. Koushik Guha
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  3. Sanket Goel
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Correspondence to Sanket Goel .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India

    Gorachand Dutta

  2. School of Mines and Metallurgy, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, West Bengal, India

    Arindam Biswas

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Amreen, K., Guha, K., Goel, S. (2023). An Overview of Integrated Miniaturized/Microfluidic Electrochemical Biosensor Platforms for Health Care Applications. In: Dutta, G., Biswas, A. (eds) Next Generation Smart Nano-Bio-Devices. Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, vol 322. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7107-5_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7107-5_5

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