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Austria-Hungary, Foreign Policy of Non-contenders

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Positional Realism

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Abstract

[Foreign Policy hypothesis of non-contenders] Since non-contenders do not have the power to compete for global hegemony in the short term, their overall state interest is to obtain regional dominant power position and dominant order position, in particular, regional dominant order position.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Mason (2014), p. 3.

  2. 2.

    Lianqing, Bingyuan, and Jinzhi (2006), p. 160.

  3. 3.

    Jianhong (2002), p. 136.

  4. 4.

    What Life Was Like at Empire’s End: Austro-Hungarian Empire, AD1848-1918, by Time-Life Books (Author, Editor), 1999, p. 11.

  5. 5.

    Lianqing et al. (2006), p. 210.

  6. 6.

    Kissinger (1994), p. 85.

  7. 7.

    Kissinger (1994), p. 88.

  8. 8.

    Lianqing et al. (2006), p. 403.

  9. 9.

    Rong (2001), p. 6.

  10. 10.

    Rong (2001), pp. 15–16.

  11. 11.

    Mason (2014), p. 4.

  12. 12.

    Chengwen and Quxia (1978), p. 90.

  13. 13.

    Mason (2014), p. 4.

  14. 14.

    Mason (2014), p. 70.

  15. 15.

    Lee (1982), p. 68.

  16. 16.

    Lianqing et al. (2006), pp. 196–197.

  17. 17.

    Lianqing (2006), pp. 198–200.

  18. 18.

    Kissinger (1994), p. 94.

  19. 19.

    Mason (2014), p. 4.

  20. 20.

    Lianqing (2006), p. 299.

  21. 21.

    Kissinger (1994), p. 94.

  22. 22.

    Mason (2014), p. 5.

  23. 23.

    Kissinger (1994), p. 99.

  24. 24.

    Rong (2001), p. 279.

  25. 25.

    Girard (1986), p. 207.

  26. 26.

    Lianqing et al. (2006), p. 403.

  27. 27.

    Mason (2014), p. 5.

  28. 28.

    Lianqing et al. (2006), p. 367.

  29. 29.

    Mason (2014), p. 6.

  30. 30.

    Lianqing et al. (2006), p. 351.

  31. 31.

    Rong (2001), pp. 8–9.

  32. 32.

    Mason (2014), pp. 85–86.

  33. 33.

    Williamson (1991), p. 19.

  34. 34.

    [Austria] Zöllner (1981), p. 550.

  35. 35.

    Verdery (1979), p. 391.

  36. 36.

    Jacobson (2000), p. 98.

  37. 37.

    [Austria] Zöllner (1981), 530.

  38. 38.

    [Austria] Zöllner (1981), 550.

  39. 39.

    Rong (2001), p. 239.

  40. 40.

    Rong (2001), p. 242.

  41. 41.

    Shengzu et al. (1995), p. 16.

  42. 42.

    Richardson (1984), pp. 81–86.

  43. 43.

    Schulze (1996), p. 80.

  44. 44.

    Bérenger (1997), p. 232.

  45. 45.

    Mitchell (1992), pp. 410–457.

  46. 46.

    El Priestley (1972), p. 841.

  47. 47.

    Wenjie (2013), p. 12.

  48. 48.

    Schulze (1996), p. 295.

  49. 49.

    Chengwen and Quxia (1978), p. 86.

  50. 50.

    Mason (2014), p. 24.

  51. 51.

    Mason (2014), p. 23.

  52. 52.

    Rong (2001), p. 344.

  53. 53.

    Mason (2014), p. 23.

  54. 54.

    Shengzu et al. (1995), pp. 6–7.

  55. 55.

    Mason (2014), pp. 53–54.

  56. 56.

    Lianqing et al. (2006), p. 368.

  57. 57.

    Shengzu et al. (1996), p. 10.

  58. 58.

    Khvostov (1959), pp. 138–139.

  59. 59.

    von Bismarck (2012), p. 165.

  60. 60.

    Shengzu et al. (1996), p. 80.

  61. 61.

    Khvostov (1959), p. 162.

  62. 62.

    Lianqing et al. (2006), p. 389.

  63. 63.

    Mason (2014), p. 55.

  64. 64.

    King (2001), p. 148.

  65. 65.

    Lianqing et al. (2006), p. 394.

  66. 66.

    El Priestley (1972), p. 798.

  67. 67.

    Mason (2014), pp. 57–58.

  68. 68.

    Mason (2014), p. 58.

  69. 69.

    Mason (2014), p. 59.

  70. 70.

    Lianqing (2006), p. 447.

  71. 71.

    Mason (2014), p. 59.

  72. 72.

    Mason (2014), p. 60.

  73. 73.

    Lianqing et al. (2006), p. 531.

  74. 74.

    Mason (2014), p. 65.

  75. 75.

    Lianqing et al. (2006), p. 537.

  76. 76.

    Mason (2014), p. 89.

  77. 77.

    Rong (2001), p. 408.

  78. 78.

    Mason (2014), p. 83.

  79. 79.

    Lianqing et al. (2006), p. 531.

  80. 80.

    Rong (2001), p. 407.

  81. 81.

    Lianqing et al. (2006), p. 532.

  82. 82.

    Lianqing et al. (2006), p. 448.

  83. 83.

    Mason (2014), p. 79.

  84. 84.

    Shengzu et al. (1996), p. 359.

  85. 85.

    Rong (2001), pp. 421–422.

  86. 86.

    Mason (2014), p. 71.

  87. 87.

    Mason (2014), p. 72.

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  1. School of International Studies, Renmin University of China, No. 59, Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100872, China

    Wei Song

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Song, W. (2023). Austria-Hungary, Foreign Policy of Non-contenders. In: Positional Realism. Contributions to International Relations. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6829-7_8

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