Abstract
World Health Organization (WHO) and Federation of International Gynecologist and Obstetricians (FIGO) define Spontaneous Preterm Labour as ‘Labor resulting in birth before 37 completed weeks (259 days) of gestational age, based on the first day of last menstrual period’.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Liu L, Oza S, Hogan D, Chu Y, Perin J, Zhu J, et al. Global, regional, and national causes of under-5 mortality in 2000-15: an updated systematic analysis with implications for the sustainable development goals. Lancet. 2016;388(10063):3027–35.
Jamal S, Srivastava R. A retrospective analytical study of the epidemiology and causes of preterm birth. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2017;6(12):5453–7.
https://www.nhp.gov.in/disease/reproductive-system/female-gynecological-diseases/preterm-birth.
National Collaborating Centre for Women’s and Children’s Health (UK). NICE guideline, No. 25. Preterm Labour and Birth. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence; 2015.
Kyrgiou M, Koliopoulos G, Martin-Hirsch P, Arbyn M, Prendiville W, Paraskevaidis E. Obstetric outcomes after conservative treatment for intraepithelial or early invasivecervical lesions: systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 2006;367(9509):489–98.
Castanon A, Landy R, Brocklehurst P, et al. Risk of preterm delivery with increasing depth of excision for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in England: nested case-control study. BMJ. 2014;349:6223.
Jolley JA, Wing DA. Pregnancy management after cervical surgery. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2008;20(6):528–33.
RCOG. The care of women requesting induced abortion. In: National evidence based clinical guidelines. London: RCOG; 2001.
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists: Physical activity and exercise in pregnancy and postpartum period. Committee Opinion No. 650, December 2015, Reaffirmed, 2017.
Di Mascio D, Magro-Malosso ER, Saccone G, et al. Exercise during pregnancy in normal weight women and risk of preterm birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;215(5):561.
Laughon SK, Albert PS, Leishear K, et al. The NICHD consecutive pregnancies study; recurrent preterm delivery by subtype. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2014;210(2):131.
Medley N, Poljak B, Mammarella S, Alfirevic Z. Clinical guidelines for prevention and management of preterm birth: a systematic review. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 2018;125:1361–9.
Abbott DS, Hezelgrave NL, Seed PT, et al. Quantitative fetal fibronectin to predict preterm birth in asymptomatic women at high risk. Obstet Gynecol. 2015;125:1168–76.
Kuhrt K, Smout E, Hezelgrave N, Seed PT, Carter J, Shennan AH. Development and validation of a tool incorporating cervical length and quantitative fetal fibronectin to predict spontaneous preterm birth in asymptomatic high risk women. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2016;47:104–9.
Esplin MS, Elovitz MA, Iams JD, et al. Predictive accuracy of serial tranvaginal cervical lengths and quantitative vaginal fibronectin levels for spontaneous preterm birth among nulliparous women. JAMA. 2017;317(10):1047.
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists: prediction and prevention of preterm birth. Practice Bulletin No. 130, October 2012, Reaffirmed, 2016.
McCall CA, Grimes DA, Drapkin LA. “Therapeutic” bed rest in pregnancy unethical and unsupported by data. Obstet Gynecol. 2013;121:1305.
Blackwell SC, Gyamfi-Bannerman C, Biggio JR, et al. 17-OHPC to prevent Recurrent Preterm Birth in Singleton Gestations (PROLONG study): a multi center, international, randomized double-blind trial. Am J Perinatal. 2019;37:127–36.
Norman JE, Shennan A, Bennett P, et al. Vaginal progesterone prophylaxis for preterm birth (The OPPTIMUM study): a multicentric, randomized, double-blind trial. Lancet. 2016;387:2106–16.
Romero R, Conde-Agudelo A, Da Fonseca E, et al. Vaginal progesterone for preventing preterm birth and adverse perinatal outcomes in singleton gestations with a short cervix: a meta analysis of individual patient data. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2018;218(2):161–80.
Barghella V, Rafael TJ, Szychowski JM, Rust OA, Owen J. Cerclage for short cervix on ultrasonography in women with singleton gestation and preterm birth: a meta-analysis. Obtet Gynecol. 2011;117:663–71.
Alfirevic Z, Stampalija T, Medley N. Cervical stich (cerclage) for preventing preterm birth insingleton pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;6:CD008991. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD008991.pub3.
Timothy JR, Vincenzo B, Zarko A. Cervical stitch (cerclage) for preventing preterm birth in multiple pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;9:CD009166.
Nicolaides KH, Syngelaki A, Poon LC, et al. A randomised trial of cervical pessary to prevent preterm singleton birth. N Engl J Med. 2016;374(11):1044.
Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine. The role of cervical pessary placement to prevent preterm birth in clinical practice. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2017;216(3):B8.
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists: management of preterm labor. Practice Bulletin No.171, 2016.
Jaju PB, Chavan V, Devgarha G, et al. Practice patterns in the management of preterm labor in India: a multicentric, retrospective study. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2017;6(12):5306–12.
Times of Gynecology (TOG) 6th Conclave Algorithm.
Crowther CA, Hiller JE, Doyle LW, et al. Effect of magnesium sulphate given for neuroprotection before preterm birth: a randomised controlled trial. JAMA. 2003;290:2669.
Flenady V, Reinebrant HE, Liley HG, et al. Oxytocin receptor antagonist for inhibiting preterm labor. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;6:CD004452.
Reinebrant HE, Pileggi-Castro C, Romero CL, et al. Cyclo-oxygenase (COX) inhibitors for treating preterm labor. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;6:CD001992.
American College of Obstetrician and Gynecologists. Antenatal corticosteroid therapy for fetal maturation. Committee Opinion No. 713, 2017.
Child Health Division, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Government of India. Use of antenatal corticosteroids in preterm labour (under specific conditions by ANM) operational guidelines, 2014. http://www.nrhmorissa.gov.in.
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Medically indicated late preterm and early-term deliveries. Committee Opinion No. 560, April 2013, 2017.
Roberts D, Dalziel S. Antenatal corticosteroids for accelerating fetal lung maturation for women at risk of preterm birth. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006;3:CD004454.
Roberts D, Brown J, Medley N, et al. Antenatal corticosteroids for accelerating fetal lung maturation for women at risk of preterm birth. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;3:CD004454.
Crowther CA, Harding JE. Antenatal corticosteroids for late preterm birth. N Engl J Med. 2016;374(14):1376.
Wapner RJ, Sorokin Y, Mele L, et al. Long term outcomes after repeat doses of antenatal corticosteroids. N Engl J Med. 2007;357(12):1190–8.
Doyle LW, Crowther CA, Middleton P, Marret S, Rose D. Magnesium sulphate in women at risk of preterm birth for neuroprotection of fetus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009;1:CD004661.
Conde-Agudelo A, Romero R. Antenatal magnesium sulfate for the prevention of cerebral palsy in preterm infants less than 34 weeks’ gestation: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2009;200:595–609. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2009.04.005.
Doyle LW, Crowther CA, Middleton P, Marret S. Antenatal magnesium sulfate and neurologic outcome in preterm infants: a systematic review. Obstet Gynecol. 2009;113:1327–33. https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181a60495.
Chollat C, Enser M, Houivet E, Provost D, Benichou J, Marpeau L, et al. School-age outcomes following a randomized controlled trial of magnesium sulfate for neuroprotection of preterm infants. J Pediatr. 2014;165:398–400. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2014.04.007.
Doyle LW, Anderson PJ, Haslam R, Lee KJ, Crowther C, Australasian Collaborative Trial of Magnesium Sulphate Study G. School-age outcomes of very preterm infants after antenatal treatment with magnesium sulfate vs placebo. JAMA. 2014;312:1105–13. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2014.11189.
Kenyon SL, Taylor DJ, Tarnow-Mordi W. Broad-spectrum antibiotics for spontaneous preterm labour: the ORACLE II randomised trial. ORACLE Collaborative Group. Lancet. 2001;357(9261):989–94.
Kenyon S, Boulvain M, Neilson J. Antibiotics for preterm rupture of membranes. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003;2:CD001058.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Somalwar, S., Bhalerao, A., Vijay, N. (2023). Preterm Labour. In: Garg, R. (eds) Labour and Delivery. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6145-8_28
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6145-8_28
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-19-6144-1
Online ISBN: 978-981-19-6145-8
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)